158 COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY OF THE BRAIN 



likewise erroneous and easily leads to absurdity. One- 

 sided destruction of the cerebral hemispheres in man 

 produces no forced movements. Thus, according to 

 Steiner, the cerebral hemispheres should not be- 

 long to the brain. Second, according to Steiner, 

 the ear must be a brain. One-sided lesion of the 

 ear is sure to produce forced movements in a series 

 of animals, and, moreover, the auditory nerve is a 

 higher sensory nerve. I have mentioned this sub- 

 ject at this place because it is a typical illustration of 

 what plays on words in physiology lead to. It is 

 not our task to find a definition for the word brain, 

 but to gain an insight into the functions of the central 

 nervous system. It is of minor importance what 

 name we give to the different parts of the central 

 nervous system. 



In connection with this chapter we wish to call at- 

 tention to the more recent experiments of Sherring- 

 ton and H. E. Herincr from which it seems to follow 



O ' 



that with the innervation of a muscle the relaxation of 

 its antagonist results simultaneously. 



BIBLIOGRAPHY. 



1. LOEB, J. Ueber Geotropismus bei Thieren. Pfliiger's Archiv, 

 Bd. xlix., 1891. 



2. LOEB, J. Ueber den Antheil des Hornerven an den nach 

 Gehirnverletzung auftretenden Zwangsbewegungen, Zwangslagen 

 und associirten Stellungsdnderungen der Bulbi und Extremitdten. 

 Pflugers Archiv, Bd. 1., 1891. 



3. STEINER. Die Functionen des Centralnervensystems und ihre 

 Phylogenese. II. Die Fische. Braunschweig, 1888. 



