CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES AND MEMORY 247 



wakes. It moves spontaneously that is, without visi- 

 ble external stimulus. The only abnormal feature in 

 the progressive movements of the dog without cere- 

 bral hemispheres was its extreme restlessness. When 

 not asleep it moved about in the cage unceasingly, 

 and this perhaps accounts for the fact that such ani- 

 mals show a tendency to lose flesh. The postures 

 peculiar to dogs in urinating and defalcation were still 

 assumed by these dogs. The reactions to sensory 

 stimuli were normal in so far as no associative mem- 

 ory was necessary. Meat and milk were devoured 

 greedily, but if made bitter with quinine they were 

 ejected. The dog growled and snapped if its paw was 

 pinched. If its foot was placed in cold water it was 

 removed at once. If one paw was injured the dog 

 was still able to go on three legs. If it was asleep it 

 could be waked by blowing a horn in the next room. 

 If in a dark room it closed its eyes when a strong 

 light was suddenly allowed to strike it. It seemed 

 more wide-awake and restless when it was hungry and 

 more quiet after it had been fed. In regard to eating, 

 the dog without cerebral hemispheres was more nor- 

 mal than Schrader's doves. To make the dog eat, it 

 was only necessary to hold the plate up to its nose, so 

 that the nose came in contact with the meat. The 

 facts that motor disturbances exist and that such 

 dogs do not turn out for obstacles, behaving in this 

 regard like blind dogs, may be regarded as shock- 

 effects on the brachial and optic segments, produced by 

 the operation. The dog could still bark and howl. 



