GENERAL ACTION OF MORPHINE 177 



drop by drop to this warm solution five or ten drops of 

 the urine to be tested. Wait a little while and if no reduc- 

 tion (yellowish or reddish precipitate) appears, then again 

 heat the mixture. A red or reddish-yellow precipitate in- 

 dicates the presence of reducing bodies in the urine. (If 

 no precipitate forms at once, set the tube aside for a few 

 minutes and observe it later.) This is usually due to 

 sugar, but other substances (e. g., glycuronic acid, etc.) 

 may give a similar reaction. For tests to differentiate be- 

 tween these bodies the student is referred to text-books 

 on physiological chemistry. 



EXPERIMENT XXVII. 



Morphine. (Cat: General Symptoms, Central Nervous 



System.) 



1. Inject into a cat subcutaneously twenty-five milli- 

 grams of morphine sulphate (or the hydrochlorate or ace- 

 tate) per kilogram of body weight. Observe carefully the 

 symptoms produced by the drug in this animal and com- 

 pare them with those exhibited by the dog that was in- 

 jected with morphine. AVhat differences do you note as 

 regards the pupils, intelligence, reflexes, convulsive tremors, 

 etc. ? 



EXPERIMENT XXVIII. 



Morphine, Codeine. (Dog: Respiration, Blood-pressure, 

 Oxygen Consumption, Urine.) 



1. Arrange a dog for recording blood-pressure and res- 

 piration. Place adrenaline in one injecting burette (femo- 

 ral vein) and a morphine salt solution (one cubic centi- 

 meter equals five milligrams) in another burette (femoral 

 vein). The dog should weigh about ten or twelve kilos. If 

 you do not have suitable apparatus omit the oxygen deter- 



