72 CAROTINOIDS AND RELATED PIGMENTS 



chromatographic analysis. The collection of flowers in Table 6 sig- 

 nifies that we know as yet only that carotinoids are present in these 

 flowers. Whether the color effects are also due in part to yellow hued 

 non-carotinoids is not known. The cases where this fact appears to 

 have been established are reported in Table 7, which includes as well 

 a few of the known cases where other color tones are due in part to 

 carotinoids. 



To summarize the whole subject of flower carotinoids very briefly, 

 it is clear that much work remains to be done before our knowledge 

 can be regarded as complete regarding the character and distribution 

 of the individual carotinoids among the yellow flowers. 



TABLE 4. YELLOW FLOWERS IN WHICH CAROTINS HAVE BEEN DEMONSTRATED 



*Abutilon Darwinii Hook (Flowering Maple), Tammes. 



Aloe verrucosa, Molisch. 



Asdepias Curassavica L. (Milk weed), van Wisselingh. 



Asphodclus ccraxifir L. (Asphodel), Courchet. 

 ^Calceolaria rugosa Hook (Lady-slippers), van Wisselingh. 

 *Chelidonium majus L. (Celandine Poppy), Tammes. 



Isatis Tinctoria L. (Dyer's Woad), van Wisselingh. 



Liriodendron Luitpijira (Tulip tree), Schrotter-Kristelli. 

 *Manettia bicolor Paxt., Tammes. 



Momordica balsam ina (Balsam Apple), G. and F. Tobler. 



Narcissus pocticun L. (Poet's Narcissus), Courchet, Bidgood, van Wisselingh. 



Narcissus Pseudo-narcissus L. (Daffodil), van Wisselingh. 

 *Nonnea lutea D. C., Tamrm >. 

 *Primula officinalis (Cowslip), Tammes. 

 *Siphocampylox bicolor G. Dow. Tammes. 

 *Stilopkorum diphyllum Nutt., Tammes. 



Taraxacum officinale Weber (Common Dandelion), Palmer. 

 *Trollius asiaticus L. (Globe Flower), Tammes. 



* Carotin by the acid microcliemical crystallization method. 



TABLE 5. YELLOW FLOWERS IN WHICH XANTHOPHYLLS HAVE 

 BEEN DEMONSTRATED 



Calceolaria (Lady-slippers), Schunck. 

 **Calendula arrensis L., van Wisselingh. 



Calendula officinale L. (Pot Marigold), Schunck. 



Cheiranthus cheira L. (Wall-flower), Schunck. 

 **Chelidonium majus L. (Celandine Poppy), van Wisselingh. 



Chrysanthemum (probably frutescens L.) (Marguerite), Schunck. 



Cytisus Laburnum L. (Broom Flower), Schunck. 

 *Dendrobium thijrsiflorum Rchb. fil. (Orchid), van Wisselingh. 

 **Doronicum Parda'danches L. (Leopard's Bane), Schunck, van Wisselingh. 

 *Gazania sphndcns Hort.. Kohl, van Wisselingh. 



Helianthus amius (Sunflower), Schunck. 

 **Hieraceum aurantiacum L. (Orange Hawkweed, or Devil's Bit), van Wisselingh. 



Isatis tinctoria L. (Dyer's Woad), van Wisselingh. 

 **Lilium croceum Chaix., van Wisselingh. 



Mimulus moschatus L. (Musk plant), Schunck. 



* Flowers containing xanthophylls and no carotin, according to van Wisselingh. 



** Flowers whose pigmentation is due to one xanthophyll only, according to van 

 Wisselingh. 



