MICROORGANISMS IN WATER 



315 



AVERAGE ANNUALDEATH RATEFROM TYPHOID FEVER PER 100.000 OFTHE POPULATION. 

 1912 I 10 20 30 40 50 60 



MUNICH 



VIENNA 



BERLIN 

 ZURICH 



HAMBURG 



PARIS 



LONDON 



CLEVELAND,*). 



PATERSON.NJ. 



WATERTOWN,N.Y. 



CINCINNATI,0. 



SEATTLE .WASH. 



CHICAGO, ILL. 



ST.LOUIS,MO. 



HINNEAPOLIS,MINN. 

 PHILADELPHIA^. 

 PITTSBURGH. PA. 

 NEW ORLEANS.LA. 

 NEWYORK.N.Y 

 SPRINGFIELD,MASS. 

 BINGHAMPTON,N.Y. 

 ALBANY, NY 

 LAWRENCE, MASS. 

 RICHMOND.VA. 

 BALTIMORE.HD. 

 HILWAUKEE,WIS. 



TOLEDO.O. 



ATLANTA.GA. 

 BIRMINGHAM, ALA. 

 WHEELING.W.VA. 

 MEMPHIS/TENN. 

 ATLANTA,GA. 



An instructive contrast between Altona and Hamburg before the latter filtered 

 its water, having learnt its lesson from a sharp outbreak of cholera. 



SCATTERED CASES OF CHOLERA. 



ALTQMA^ 



'HAMBURG. 



POPULATION: 600.000 

 CHOLERA CASES: 17.000 

 DEATHS: 8.60O 



ALTONA: 



"WATER FILTERED 



HAMBURG: 



"WATER UMFILTERED 



FIG. 122. (After G. E. Armstrong.) 



