170 



9. (p. 14). LOFFLER, Centralbl. f. Bakt. vi and vii. Since Loffler's classical work 



the cilia of bacteria have been the subject of numerous researches. Some 

 details on general morphology and physiology are given in A. FISCHER'S 

 Untersuchungen iiber Bakt., Jahrb. f. wiss. Bot. xxvii, 1895. 



10. (p. 15). This now generally adopted division was first given by MESSEA, Rivista 



d'igiene e sanita publica, 1890, 1. 



11. (p. 16). Observations of living bacteria during fission are given by BREFELD, 



Untersuchungen ii. Schimmelpilze, iv (B. subtilis). [See also MARSHALL WARD, 

 Proc. R. S., vol. Iviii, 1895, p. 24, and Ann. Bot., vol. xiii, 1899, p. 227.] For 

 determination of the rate of growth of the cholera vibrio by the plate method, see 

 BuCHNER, LONGARD, and RlEDLiN, Ueber die Vermehrungsgeschwindigkeit 

 der Bakterien, Centralbl. f. Bakt. vol. ii. 



12. (p. 19). The spores of bacteria had been already seen and described, but their 



properties and development were first accurately described by COHN, Unter- 

 such. ii. Bakt. iv, in Beitr. z. Biol. d. Pflanzen, vol. ii, 1876. Germination 

 of spores was seen by BREFELD, note ii. See also PRAZMOWSKI, Untersuch- 

 ungen iiber d. Entwicklungsgeschichte u. Fermentwirkung einiger Bakterien- 

 arten, Leipzig 1880; also Biol. Centralbl. iv, 1884 (B. subtilis and B. 

 anthraris). The newest observations (corroborating and extending former 

 ones) on the conditions of sporulation are by SCHREIBER, Centralbl. f. Bakt., 

 i. Abt. vol. xx, 1896. 



13. (p. 22). On the characters of arthrospores see DE BARY, Vergleichende Morpho- 



logic und Biologic der Pilze, Mycetozoen u. Bakterien, Leipzig 1884, pp. 496, 

 506. 



14. (p. 24). For the question of species see BILLROTH, Coccobacteria septica, Berlin 



1874; NAEGELI, Die niederen Pilze in ihren Beziehungen zu den Infektions- 

 krankheiten und der Gesundheitspflege, Munich 1887 ; ZOPF, Zur Morphologic 

 der Spaltpflanzen, Leipzig 1882. All these works favour pleomorphism. On 

 the other side are COHN, Beitr. z. Biol. d. Pfl. i and ii ; DE BARY, Vergl. 

 Morphol. und Biol. d. Pilze, 1884, p. 511. These take the view that bacteria 

 constitute good species and genera. See also HiJPPE, Die Formen der Bak- 

 terien, Wiesbaden 1886. 



15. (p. 24). BiJSGEN, Kulturversuche mit Cladothrix dichotoma, B. d. deutsch. bot. 



Ges. xii, 1894. 



16. (p. 26). Involution forms (after NAEGELI, note 14) are described in numerous 



works : BUCHNER in NAEGELI'S Untersuchungen ii. niedere Pilze ; also 

 HiJPPE, Formen d. Bakterien; PRAZMOWSKI, see note 12; ZOPF, Die Spalt- 

 pilze, Breslau 1885, 3rd ed. On the so-called branched tubercle-bacillus, 

 COPPEN JONES, Centralbl. f. Bakt. vol. xvii ; H. BRUNS, ibid.; Diphtheria 

 bacilli, BERNHEIM and FOLGER, ibid. vol. xx. 



17. (p. 28). PASTEUR, CHAMBERLAND, and Roux, De Pattenuation des virus et de 



leur retour a la virulence, Comptes rendus de 1'Acad., Paris 1881, vol. xcii ; 

 also CHAMBERLAND, Le charbon et la vaccination charbonneuse, d'apres des 

 recents travaux de M. Pasteur, Paris 1883; CHAMBERLAND and Roux, Sur 

 Pattenuation de la virulence de la bacteridie charbonneuse sous Pinfluence des 

 antiseptiques. Comptes rendus, vol. xcvii, 1883. 



18. (p. 28). On asporogenous anthrax and its properties : Roux, Bacteridie charbon- 



neuse asporogene, Ann. de PInst. Pasteur, 1890, vol. iv ; PHISALIX in Comptes 

 rendus, 1892, vol. cxiv. p. 684, and vol. cxv. p. 253. 



