NEW SCOTTISH GALLS 265 



last wrote on this subject, in January 1890. I have, how- 

 ever, four additions to record for the years 1891 and 1892. 

 It need scarcely be said that specimens of galls will be 

 welcomed from any part of the country, as helping to 

 extend our knowledge of their distribution. Information 

 with regard to the nature and the makers of the galls will 

 gladly be given, so far as is in my power, in response to 

 inquiries accompanied by specimens such as will permit 

 identification. 



Thalietrum dunense, Duinort. ( = T. minus, L., var. marifimum, 

 Syme). On the coast of Benholm, in Kincardineshire, among 

 shingle, the pseudo-galls of one of the gall-midges (? Cecidomyia) 

 occurred not very plentifully in August. They consisted of 

 segments of the leaves, rendered somewhat fleshy, and so 

 folded or contorted as to furnish a retreat to the larvae of the 

 gall-maker. Otherwise the segments showed little change in 

 aspect or in size. Occasionally two or three segments were 

 included in a single gall; or all the young leaves in the 

 terminal buds of the stem were affected. Unfortunately the 

 galls, when found, were already abandoned by their inmates ; 

 but in some of them were a few empty small white cocoons, 

 evidently those of a gall-midge. The fruits were not affected 

 in any way ; and the gall is evidently different from that 

 recorded by myself from Kinloch Rannoch (Scot. Nat., 1884, 

 p. 206) on Th. flexuosum (T. minus, L., var. montanum, 

 Syme) : I have not found any record of a gall -midge with 

 such habits having been reared or named from this food-plant. 



Sambueus nigra, L. (Common Elder, or Bourtree). In July Dr. 

 Buchanan White sent to me from his garden, near Perth, 

 flowerbuds of the elder still closed, but swollen to twice or 

 thrice their usual bulk, and become somewhat fleshy. The 

 petals were white or, less often, greenish ; and the stamens, 

 styles, and stigmas were fleshy and functionless, or were in 

 part abortive. A careful search showed only a single larva in 

 one gall of an orange colour, not quite like a gall-midge larva 

 in form, and larger than these usually are. Possibly it may 

 have been an inquiline or guest. There can be little doubt 

 that the galls were the work of a gall-midge. Not improbably 

 they belong to Diplosis lonicerearum, Fr. Low, which forms 

 galls of quite similar structure on S. nigra and S. Ebulus, as 

 well as on other species of the Caprifoliaceae. 



Campanula glomerata, L. In the months of August and September 

 1891 I found at St. Cyrus, near Montrose, several examples 

 of this plant in which the inflorescence had undergone, in 



