EARLY MAN IN SCOTLAND 195 



he said, was succeeded by a people with shorter and wider 

 skulls, which possessed brachycephalic proportions. Further, 

 he considered that both these races preceded the intrusion 

 of the Celtae into Scotland. But the evidence is by no 

 means satisfactory that the interments from which Wilson 

 obtained the long kumbecephalic skulls were of an older 

 date than those which yielded the brachycephalic specimens. 

 So far, therefore, as rests upon these data, one cannot 

 consider it as proved that a long-headed race preceded a 

 broad-headed race in Scotland, and that both were antecedent 

 to the Celtse. 



Evidence from other quarters must be looked for, 

 especially from the extensive researches of Thurnam, Green- 

 well, Rolleston, and other archaeologists into prehistoric 

 interments in England ; and by the study of the material 

 which has accumulated in Scotland since the publication of 

 Sir Daniel Wilson's " Prehistoric Annals." 



The remains of prehistoric man in England subsequent 

 to the Palaeolithic Age have for the most part been found 

 in mounds and tumuli, some of which were very elongated 

 in form, others more rounded, so that they have been divided 

 into the two groups of "long" and "round " barrows. There is 

 a consensus of opinion that the long barrows were constructed 

 by a race which inhabited England prior to the construction 

 of the round barrows. The long barrows are indeed the 

 most ancient sepulchral monuments in South Britain ; 

 obviously they were erected before the use of bronze or 

 other metal became known to the people. They belonged, 

 therefore, to the Neolithic Age, as is testified by the imple- 

 ments and weapons found in them being formed of stone, 

 flint, bone, and horn, and by the absence of metals. They 

 are not widely distributed in England, but are found especi- 

 ally in a few counties in the north, as Yorkshire and West- 

 moreland, and in the western counties in the south. The 

 builders of these barrows in their interments practised both 

 inhumation and cremation, but the burnt bones were never 

 found in urns. 



The study of the human remains obtained from the 

 English long barrows by Drs. Thurnam and Rolleston proves 

 that the crania were distinctly dolichocephalic, and that the 



