2 5 8 



ADOLF H. SCHULTZ. 



imperfect these computations may be, they nevertheless show 

 that Europe, with its excess of females, assumes a unique position. 

 The following statistics, taken from one of Rauber's tables, repre- 

 sent the number of females for every 1,000 males: 



With advancing age the excess of females increases. This is still 

 more clearly shown in a table by Prinzing ('05) taken from the 

 census of 1900 in Germany: 



Number of females for every 1 ,000 males : 



40-45 years 1,045 



1,067 



1,121 



1,140 



1,189 



.. 1.259 



1.338 



I.75I 



Inasmuch as in Europe sex-ratio at birth favors males, its sub- 

 sequent decrease must be the result of a greater mortality among 

 the latter, and in some countries, also, of a greater emigration of 

 males. The unequal mortality is shown in a table by Ploss ('87). 

 For every 100 females there occur the following numbers of male 

 deaths: 



Sweden 104 



Russia (Europe) 105 



Holland 105 



Italy 106 



England 107 



France 107 



Spain 107 



Austria 108 



Switzerland 108 



Germany 109 



Greece in 



Rumania. . 116 



The sex-ratio of mortality may differ under various circum- 

 stances; for example, between the ages of 25 and 40 years accord- 

 ing to Knopfel ('07) in rural districts it is below, while in the 

 urban population it is above 100. 



