ATLANTIC SPECIES OF HEPATIC^ IN SCOTLAND 119 



A. arvensis, L. Like Galium income, this is recorded on p. 105 

 as found by the Spey in 1899. In September 1903 I found 

 it near Inverurie among the tares with Galium Vaillantii and 

 G. tricorne. 



Sherardia an<e>isis, L. (Field Madder). A frequent weed in dry 

 fields throughout the "agrarian region" of N.E. Scotland. 

 Though occurring also on dry uncultivated banks these are 

 generally near fields. It has certainly been much distributed 

 by agriculture; and its claim to be native in N.E. Scotland is 

 not beyond suspicion. The calyx teeth on the fruits are usually 

 subulate here ; but I have found near Muchalls in Kincardine- 

 shire, and also near Aberdeen, examples with the teeth almost 

 wanting, which seem to belong to the variety Walravenii, 

 Wirtg., to which attention was first called in Britain by Mr. 

 G. C. Druce ("Journ. Bot.," 1894, pp. 240-243). 



ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE ATLANTIC 

 SPECIES OF HEPATIC^ IN SCOTLAND. 



By SYMERS M. MACVICAR. 



THE Atlantic species of Hepaticae are those which are con- 

 fined, or almost so, to the west coast of Europe, including 

 a short distance inland, and the Atlantic islands, a few 

 extending along the Mediterranean, and still fewer being 

 also found in subtropical and tropical America, the West 

 Indies, and other parts of the world. These species are 

 more plentiful in the British Isles than in other parts of 

 Europe, some being known only from our islands. It must 

 be remembered that several of them are among our smallest 

 forms and are easily overlooked, but Scotland has in the 

 last few years been sufficiently examined to give at least 

 the main outlines of the distribution of these species. 



The first fact to be noted is that the prevalence of the 

 Atlantic species in Scotland is, in general, proportionate to 

 their proximity to the west coast, the further one goes 

 eastward the rarer they become. The actual proximity ot 

 the sea on the east coast does not favour their occurrence 

 except in a very few cases to be afterwards mentioned. 

 The distribution of Hepaticse is mainly dependent on 



