8 Annals of the South African Museum. 



1868. Leptodius exaratus, A. Milne-Edwards, Nouv. Archiv. du Mus., 



vol. iv., p. 71. 



1884. Leptodiits exaratus, Miers, Crust. H.M.S. Alert, p. 214. 

 1886. Leptodius exaratus, Miers, Challenger Brachyura, Reports, 



vol. xvii., p. 137. 

 1893. Xantho exaratus, Ortmann, Zool. Jahrb., vol. vii., p. 445. 



1898. Xantho (Leptodius) exaratus, Alcock, Journ. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, 



vol. Ixvii., pt. 2, p. 118. 



1906. Leptodius exaratus, M. J. Eathbun, U.S. Fish. Comm. for 1903, 

 pt. 3, p. 847. 



1906. Leptodius exaratus, Nobili, Bull. Sci. France-Belgique, vol. xl., 



p. 121. 



1907. Chlorodius exaratus, Stimpson, North Pacific Expl. Exp. 



1853-56, Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. xlix., p. 52, pi. 6, 

 figs. 3-4, 6-9 (posthumous publication). 



A full synonymy of this species from Audouin down to 1898 is 

 supplied under the reference to Alcock, apart from some of the 

 names which Miers gives in his Challenger report as possibly 

 only varieties, and not including Xantho rivulosus (Eisso), Milne- 

 Edwards, of which Bell (Brit. Stalk-eyed Crust., p. 55, 1853) says, 

 " There can be no doubt that this is the Cancer liydrophihcs of 

 Herbst." 



The Durban specimen corresponds with Alcock's description, 

 having " front not very prominent, but projecting beyond the inner 

 angle of the orbit, from which it is separated by a notch ; bilaminar, 

 the lobes cut square, but with a slightly concave margin." The 

 fingers of the chelipeds are black ; those of the walking legs are 

 granular, furred along both edges as far as the claw. 



The specimen, a male, has the carapace 22 mm. long by 30 mm. 

 broad. 



A long discussion of this species, with nine named varieties, by 

 the distinguished carcinologist, William Stimpson, appears in the 

 work which, as already mentioned, has just been published by the 

 Smithsonian Institution thirty-five years after its author's death. 



FAMILY POBTUNHLE. 



1899. Portunidce, Alcock, Journ. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, vol. Ixviii., pt. 2, 



pp. 4, 5. 



Alcock divides the family into four sub-families, of which the first, 

 called Lupinae, is thus defined : " The chelipeds are longer, usually 



