South African Crustacea. 43 



twenty-one years later, offers a synopsis still including the same 

 number of species. The two lists are not in entire agreement, but 

 very near to one another, although in the interval several species 

 had been recorded in addition to those mentioned by Sars. Ortmann, 

 however, disposes of them as follows. He regards G. bengalensis, 

 Wood-Mason, 1891, as a synonym of G. calcarata, Sars, G. brevi- 

 spinis, Wood-Mason and Alcock, 1891, and G. dentata, Faxon, 1893, 

 as synonyms of G. gracilis, Suhm, and G. drepanephora, Holt and 

 Tattersall, 1905, as the young stage of G. gigas, Suhm. He reduces 

 G. sarsi, Wood-Mason, 1891, to a variety of G. zoea, Suhm, and 

 makes G. willemoesi, Sars, a synonym of that species, finally 

 restoring the impaired total by himself instituting a new species, 

 G. scapularis. 



GNATHOPHAUSIA CALCAKATA, G. 0. Sars. 

 1883. Gnathophausia calcarata, Sars, Forh. Selsk. Christiania, 



No. 7, p. 5. 

 1885. Gnathopliausia calcarata, Sars, Challenger Schizopoda, 



Eeports, vol. xiii., p. 35, pi. 4. 

 1906. Gnathopliausia calcarata, Ortmann, Proc. U.S. Mus., vol. xxxi., 



pp. 27, 30, pi. 1, fig. 2a-/. 



The specimen has the antennal scale shaped exactly as figured by 

 Sars for this species. There are, however, seven unequal teeth on 

 the outer margin, where Sars speaks of five or six and Ortmann of 

 three to six. The rostrum is broken, but the remaining proximal 

 portion is consistent with an elongate termination. The lower hind 

 angles of the carapace are produced as long serrate spines. The 

 epimeral plate of the sixth pleon segment appears to be intermediate 

 between those represented in Orcmann's figures 2c and 2cZ. 

 Ortmann had the advantage of examining 40 specimens, ranging 

 from 42 mm. to about 115 mm. in length, and he found considerable 

 variation due to age in the ventral epimeral plate of the sixth pleon 

 segment, so that it was only in old specimens that the bifid points 

 of the epimera have the inner point much shorter than the outer. 

 In G. ing ens (Dohrn) the inner point is slightly the longer, but 

 Ortmann supposes it possible that in very old females G. calcarata 

 may assume this character, in which case the latter name would 

 become a synonym of G. ing ens, there being no other stable dis- 

 tinction between the two. 



Length of specimen 62 mm., but had the rostrum been complete 

 and as long as the rest of the carapace, the total length would have 

 been at least 80 mm. 



