investigations in South African Fossil Beptilia and Amphibia. 97 



The axis and odontoid seem to be fused together ; possibly the 

 fusion may not be a true anchylosis, but due to the pressure of one 

 against the other. 



The axis has an elongated neural spine, compressed in the middle 

 and swollen at either end, with a convex upper edge. The transverse 

 processes are fairly short, and a short distance behind the front of 

 the centrum and below the median line is a vertically elongated 

 facet for the articulation of the capitulum of the double-headed 

 axial rib. 



The 3rd to 7th vertebrae probably all caudals are cemented 

 together by matrix. The centra gradually enlarge, the flattened 

 neural spines rapidly increase in size, as do the transverse processes, 

 the facets for the articulation of the tubercula of the ribs becoming 

 markedly oblong in shape. The central facets remain on the anterior 

 edges of the centra. 



The remaining vertebrae were mostly isolated in the matrix, but 

 they seem to form a series. The neural spines from the 9th bend 

 backwards and gradually decrease in size. The neurocentral suture 

 becomes well marked, and the transverse and central facets are 

 connected by an oblique groove. 



The following are the chief measurements : 



Vertebrae No. 



6 



39 

 62 



9 



39 39 36 35 35 

 60 59 61 50 55 

 195 189 170 132 143 



Axis 3 4 



Length of centrum 42 37 38 



Width of centrum 56 55 51 



Total height 128 142 161 



Height of spine above transverse 



process 66 71 80 ? 



Width across transverse process 90 97 100 100 



Width across prezygapophyses... 55 37 42 38 



Width across postzygapophyses 32 35 30 48 



[All the measurements are in mm.] 



Type. Skull and lower jaw. (S.A. Mus. Cat. No. 3017.) 

 Locality. Winnaarsbaaken, Albert, Cape Colony. 

 Horizon. Burghersdorp Beds. (Cynognathus zone.) 



8 13? 17? 



8 



