306 Annals of the South African Mnseuin. 



the Africano-Brazilian Continent ("Brasilia"), whereas undoubtedly 

 there also was free and direct communication through the Channel 

 of Mozambique and the Sea to the North with the Mediterranean. 

 That a larger number of forms are common to the European and the 

 Zululaud Albian, than to the latter, and e.g. the fauna of Tunis, 

 probably is partly due to the fact that this formation has been much 

 more thoroughly explored in Europe, and the Middle and Lower Upper 

 Albiau of North Africa, are still incompletely known. 



It is interesting to note that the South Queensland forms of 

 SnbschlneiibacJtia, described by Etheridge, are more closely allied to 

 Zululand than to Indian forms; but since similar types occur again in 

 Europe and in Mexico, perhaps no significance may be attached to this. 

 Moreover, some of the Queensland forms appear to belong to thejjj-eros- 

 trata horizon, which, probably, is not represented in Southern India, 

 the lowest Utatur Beds, according to Kossmat, including Stoliczkaia 

 and Mantelli'-i'rux. in addition to S nbschloenbachia , and such forms as 

 Prohi/steroceras propinquum and Neolcentroceras (gen. nov.*) gracil- 

 limum, Kossmat sp. On the other hand, Vipoloceras of the cristatum 

 group, and S nbschloenbachia have now been found in Nigeria, and the 

 genera DouviUeiceras, Subschloenbachia, Brancoceras (?), Stoltczkaia, 

 also Desmoceratidae and Hamitidae occur in Angola ; yet, it may be 

 held with Boule, Lenioine and Theveniuf that "the resemblances 

 with West Africa (Angola) are feeble, and it seems . . that 



West Africa formed part of another zoological province." This 

 latter is characterised by the special genus Elobiceras'l and the group 

 of S nbschloenbachia evoluta, nov., found only in Nigeria, the Elobi 

 Islands, and Angola, possibly also in Tunis, whereas, as has been 

 mentioned, the large Lytoceras, found again in Pacific regions, and 

 certain Desmoceratids, connect the Zululand fauna with the special 

 developments of the Indo-Malgascan Province. On the other hand, 

 easy communication with the Mediterranean facilitated extensive 

 faunal equalisation during the Aptian and Albian, extending to South 

 America along the Northern and Southern shores of the Africauo- 



* A post-Subschloenbachia development (Genotype = N. curvicornu, nov. from 

 Angola, allied to N. tecloriinn. White sp.). 



t Lot-, cit. (1907), p. 72. 



J Gen. nov. (Genotype = Scliloenbachia elobiensis, Szajnocha, 1885, pi. iv, 

 fig\ 1). Described fxilly in the writer's Angola paper. 



The westward extension of the Tethys is indicated by the close corre- 

 spondence with European developments shown by the Upper Jurassic of Mexico, 

 the Lower and Middle Cretaceous of Venezuela and Colombia, the "Gosau 

 facies " of Jamaica and Mexico, etc. (see Suess, ' Face de la Terre,' vol. iii, pt iv, 

 p. 1680). An arm of this sea reached soiith as far as Angola. 



