464 Annals of the South African Museum. 



rivers. (Of the organic nature of the last, Cornet is doubtful ; and 

 Leriche places the locality in the Lubilash formation). Ulrich, from 

 an examination of these fossils says "The bed from which the fossils 

 were procured is Mesozoic and Jura-Triassic, rather than later." 

 Ulrich further states that if the fossils indicate anything concerning 

 the climate it would be that it was relatively moist and cool, and 

 that the water in which they were deposited was either fresh or 

 brackish. 



Lubilache Beds. Studt describes these beds as being "reddish to 

 white friable sandstones and conglomerates containing numerous bands 

 of concretions so penetrated by secondary silica as to have the ap- 

 pearance of pebbles or boulders of granular quartzite, flint, or jasper, 

 while agate, onyx, and chalcedony are also common. The conglome- 

 rates "often contain black pyritic shale pebbles." Ball and Shaler 

 also emphasise that "as a rule massive bedding predominates in the 

 sandstones, as does a reddish colour; grayish and white beds are, 

 however, not uncommon". Passau considers the thickness of the 

 sandstone to be from 300-400 metres. In the Lubilash Beds at 

 Kitari, a red shale has yielded numerous carapaces of a Phyllopod 

 assigned by Leriche to Estlteria sp. The same bed has also been 

 said to yield ostracods "recalling Darwivuda gloibosa", a variety of 

 which is described from the Lualaba Beds. The Estheriit is said to 

 be sharply defined from Esther iella of the Lualaba Beds by the ab- 

 sence of radial ribs. The red shale in which the specimens were 

 found occurs as a thin band in the thick sandstones of the Lubilash. 



Correlation of the Lualaba and Lubilash Beds with South African 

 zones is difficult on account of the paucity of the fossil remains from 

 the Congo. Of the lish from the Lualaba the only genus found in 

 South Africa is Pholidophorus which has been described from the 

 Burghersdorp Beds (Upper Beaufort). Lepidotus is a Semionotid; 

 Semionotus is a Cave Sandstone form. Colobodus is a Trias-Rhaetic 

 genus. The phyllopod Estheriella lualabensis is apparently close to 

 Estheria greyi from the Middle Beaufort Beds of Cradock. It seems 

 possible, therefore, that part at least of the Lualaba Beds may be 

 the equivalent of the Middle and Upper Beaufort Beds of the Union. 



The lithological nature of the Lubilache Beds suggests instantly 

 correlation with the Stormberg Beds. Cornet iirst suggested this cor- 

 respondence, and Maufe and Molyneux both see resemblances between 

 the Lualaba Beds and the Forest Sandstone group of Southern Rhodesia. 

 Maufe writes, in criticism of Studt's later view that the Lubilache 

 was of Waterberg age, "The author's description of the Lubilash Beds 

 of Katanga might well be a description of the forest sandstones of 



