340 Annals of the South African Museum. 



Mouth inferior, without lips, the lower jaw completely exposed 

 and showing a sharp cutting-edge covered with a horny 

 sheath ; dorsal fin originating above or a little in advance 

 of the ventrals 2. Varieorhinus. 



Mouth terminal or inferior, with more or less developed lips, 

 with or without a sharp edge ; dorsal fin originating above, 

 or a little behind, or a little in advance of ventrals . . . . 3. Barlus. 



B. Anal with 10 or more branched rays. 



Suborbitals large, covering the cheek ; lateral line on lower part of caudal 



peduncle. 



Dorsal fin originating in advance of origin of anal ; belly, in 



front of ventrals, rounded 4. Barilius. 



Dorsal fin originating above or a little behind origin of anal ; 



belly, in front of ventrals, rounded 5. Engraulicypris. 



1. LABEO. 



Labeo, Eegne Anim., ii., p. 194 (1817) ; Cuv. and Val., Hist. Poiss. 

 xvi., p. 335 (1842); Heckel, Eussegger's Eeise, ii., p. 1024 

 (1843); Giinth., Cat. Pish., vii., p. 45 (1868); Bouleng., 

 Poiss. Bass. Congo, p. 209 (1901) ; Pish. Nile, p. 160 (1907) ; 

 and Cat. Fresh. Fish. Afr., i., p. 300 (1909). 

 Abrostomus, A. Smith, 111. Zool. S. Africa, Fish. (1841). 

 Tylognathus, Heckel, t.c., p. 1027 ; Giinth., t.c., p. 62. 

 Rohitichthys, Bleek., Atlas Ichthyol., iii., p. 25 (1863). 



" Body more or less compressed, covered with small, moderate, or 

 large scales. Lateral line equally distant from the back and from 

 the belly or a little nearer the latter. Mouth moderate or large, 

 protractile, inferior, with more or less developed lips forming a sort 

 of sucker and furnished on the inner side with a sharp cutting edge 

 covered with a horny layer ; barbels present or absent. Sub-orbitals 

 not covering the cheek. Dorsal fin with 11 to 26 rays, 8-23 of 

 which are branched, originating in advance of the ventrals. Anal 

 short, with 7 to 8 rays. A scaly process at base of ventrals. 

 Pharyngeal teeth in three series . . . with the crowns spoon-shaped 

 and close together. 



Southern Asia and Africa." 



Key to Species. 



A. Barbels absent, or one on each side. 



(a) Transverse plicae on lips. 

 1. Dorsal fin tuitli concave or notched upper edge. 



D. iv 9, Sc. 83 1., 1C, 32 ; eye lateral . . . . 1. L. seeberi, Gilchr. and Thomp. 



nJ 



