The Odonata or Dragonflies of South Africa. 411 



ranean zone, into Western and Central Asia, and is followed east and 

 southward by a very closely allied form (nervilia). 



1. Venation close in apical portion of wings ; two rows of cells between Rs and 



Rspl. Cui in hind wing regularly separated from anal angle of t. Base 

 of front wings unmarked, of hind wings with a small yellow spot at 



membranule 2. 



Venation wider in apical portion of wings ; but one row of cells between 

 Rs and Rspl. CK, in hind wing as a rule at anal angle of t, but not rarely 

 a little separated in individual varieties. Base of front wings with a 

 small, of hind wing with a large deep golden-yellow spot to base of t and 

 anal margin . . 3. 



2. t in hind wings crossed, not rarely 2 Cuq in hind wings. Very minute 



black markings on thorax and abdomen. Male lips and face whitish 

 yellow, frons ochreous or olivaceous. Thorax light reddish brown 

 dorsally, turning to yellowish and gradually to whitish at the sides; 

 dorsum with numerous elevated black points and a faint indication of 

 dark ante-humeral lines. Abdomen similar in shape to sanguinolenta, 

 but still a little narrower ; ferruginous, with a narrow mid-dorsal blackish 

 line and the lateral margins of segments 4-7 narrowly blackish, except 

 at both ends. Wings hyaline, with a very minute light yellow spot at 

 the membranule of second pair. Pterostigma ferruginous, distinctly 

 widened in the middle. Female similar to male in shape, colour and 

 markings. (Described from slightly immature specimens ; mature 

 males are probably more distinctly red, especially on abdomen.) <$ , Aid. 



22, hdw. 27, pt. 4 mm. ? , 21, 27, 3'5 C. divisa. 



t in hind wings free, regularly 2 Cuq in hind wings. An extensive 

 chequered pattern of black or dark brown on thorax and abdomen. 



C. saxicolor. 



3. Abdomen comparatively narrow, 2'5 to 3 mm. Lateral carinae strongly 



toothed (for instance, 10-12 robust denticles at lateral carina of segment 

 5). Pterostigma 3 mm. and less, scarlet red in adult males. External 

 branch of hamule less abruptly pointed, vulvar scale larger than in 

 following species. Male : Face and frons brilliant scarlet. Thorax 

 scarlet with a shade of golden yellow. Abdomen brilliant scarlet ; 

 narrow black lines on mid-dorsal carina of segments 3-9, on anterior 

 half of each segment 4-7, less on 3, entire length on 8-9 ; small black 

 points on middle of lateral margin of segments 3-7. Female : Full 

 ochreous, brown instead of scarlet colour in male ; narrow and slightly 

 diffuse whitish stripe in front of humeral suture ; blackish markings of 

 abdomen usually more distinct than in male. , Abd. 20, hdto. 26, pt. <^ 



3 mm. ? , 20, 27, 3 C. sanguinolenta. 



Abdomen broad, 3'5 to 4 - 5 mm. Denticles of lateral carinae much finer 

 (for instance, 20-22 very minute denticles on lateral carina of segment 5). 

 Pterostigma 3'5 to 4 mm., light yellowish between black veins in adiilt 

 males. Male deep blood red with no black markings except a narrow 

 line on mid-dorsal carina of segments 8-9. Female ochreous yellow to 

 yellowish olivaceous, immature specimens and sometimes also adult 

 specimens with indication of yellowish ante-humeral bands. Basal spot 



