104 Annals of the South African Museum. 



Pfeiffer, both in 1856 :;: and 1857 ! placed in Marinula :- 

 pcpita ( = triplicatus and recluziana) ; acuta, d'Orb ; nigra, Phil 

 ( = marinella and callaoensis) ; patula, Lowe ( = xanthostoma, Ads. 

 and ? ovulus, Fer.) ; cymbaeformis ; firmini ; aequalis ; gracilis ; 

 and abbreviate*,, Beck ; while in 1876 { he included vulcani, Morelet, 

 in the genus. 



In 1864 Souverbie described a " Marinula an Pedipes forestieri, 

 Montr.," from the New Caledonian Archipelago ; in 1877 Velain 

 described M. maindroni and M. nigra, var. minor, from St. Paul's 

 and Amsterdam Islands, and in 1878 Hutton described M. filholi, 

 from New Zealand. 



In 1880 von Martens placed in Marinula : elongata, Parreyss ; 

 affinis, Fer., and conica, Pease. In 1889, Paetel |] further included 

 pellucida, Cooper, and subula, Q. & G. ; while finally, Pilsbry, in 

 1910, described Marinula rhoadsi from Mexico. 



The following writers have also made special mention of the 

 genus under discussion : 



1867 Paiva, Mon. Moll. Mad. p. 151. 



1878 Wollaston, Test. Atlant. p. 267. 



1880 Fischer & Crosse, Miss, au Mex. ii. pp. 3-5, 16, 27. 



1882 Crosse & Fischer, J. de C. xxx. p. 179. PL VIII, f. 6. 



The first two of the above papers relate to Madeiran shells, 

 which have been wrongly attributed to Marinula ; the third is of no 

 special value as far as concerns that genus ; but in the fourth the 

 authors, dealing with the gradual absorption of the columellar folds 

 during the growth of various genera of Auriculidae, state that in 

 typical Marinula the destruction of the internal partitions attains its 

 highest pitch, the interior of the shell being smooth, polished, and 

 glossy red-brown. 



Now if the shell of Marinula is to be separated on external 

 characters from those of nearly allied genera, the points to be 

 observed are : 



(i) Shell fairly solid, unicoloured. 



(ii) Spire shorter than aperture, 

 (iii) Whorls few, comparatively convex. 



(iv) No trace of tooth or plait on outer lip, which is not thickened ; 

 and not more than three folds, or plaits, on the columella. 



* Mon. Auric, p. 59. t Cat. Auric, p. 44. 



J Mon. Pneum. iv. p. 331. Meeresfauna Mauritius, p. 207. 



|| Catalog, ii. p. 381. 



