The Ecliinoderm Fauna of South Africa. 385 



by Bell from half a dozen stations of which five were in 85 fms. or 

 less while one was at 660-700 fins. The VALDIVIA specimens came 

 from three stations at 40-276 fms. The numerous and rather crowded 

 secondary spines seem to be the main distinguishing feature of this 

 /> liinus, when compared with the northern <irnfn*, which seems to 

 be its nearest relative. As in the northern species, the proportional 

 height of the test varies greatly. 



PARECHINUS ANGULOSUS. 



Cidaris angulosa Leske, 1778. Add. ad Klein, p. XVII, 28. 

 Parecliinus anyulosus Mortensen, 1903. INGOLF Ech., pt. 1, p. 108. 



1909, GAUSS Ech., pis. VIII, figs. 7, 8; IX, figs. 8 and 10. 

 Protocentrotus annulatns Mortensen, 1909. GAUSS Ech., p. 61 ; pi. VIII, 



figs. 9-13. 



The series sent me from the South African Museum is of the 

 greatest interest and value, for it shows that this characteristic South 

 African urchin does occur as far north as Mozambique, that Mortensen's 

 proposed species annulatus is only a phase of this variable species, 

 and that another phase seems to be isolated as a recognizable variety 

 in Saldanha Bay. 



Ludwig (1899, Ech. Sansibar., p. 555) suggested that the specimens 

 of angulosus recorded by Agassiz, in the Revision, from Mozambique 

 were probably Lyteclnnits verruculatus and he accordingly lists them 

 under that specific name. But the three specimens in the present 

 collection, taken at Mozambique, although small, are almost certainly 

 anaidosus and it is therefore likely Mr. Agassi z's record should stand, 

 and the name verruculatus must then be stricken from the Zanzibar list. 



I am fortunate in having at hand three of Mortensen's original 

 specimens (cotypes) of annulatus and have therefore been able to 

 compare them directly with the young angitlosus in the PIETER FAURE 

 collection. The lot from 17486 is particularly instructive, as they 

 range from 10 to 18 mm. in diameter and show great diversity of 

 colour (see J. S. Thomson. A. M. N. H. (8). 12. p. 190. 1913); one 

 has all the spines orange-red except those around the peristome 

 where the red fades to white: another has all the spines light 

 violet; but in most, the spines are more or less annulated usually 

 with dusky but sometimes with white. Examination of the ambulacra 

 of these, and other young specimens shows that the characters sup- 

 posed to distinguish annulatus are not regularly correlated with banded 

 spines, but many specimens with unicolorous spines have numerous 

 ambulacral plates and small tubercles. The only conclusion I can 



