The Echinoderm Fauna of South Africa, 387 



TRIPNEUSTES GRATILLA. 



Echinus gratilla Linne, 1758. Sys. Nat. ed. 10, p. 6C>{. 

 Tripneustes gratilla Loven, 1887. Ech. Linn., p. 77. 



This widely distributed Indo-Pacifie species has long been known 

 from Zanzibar and Mozambique. In the present collection are two 

 specimens, each somewhat more than half grown, and each with 

 light coloured test and white spines. One was taken at Delagoa 

 Bay, October 1912, by K. H. Barnard while the other bears 

 the number 



P.F. 11862-C, showing it was taken in the harbour channel at 

 Durban, 1-3-5 fms., on a bottom of sand and shells. 



STRONGYLOCENTROTIDAE. 



This is a northern family with few representatives south of the 

 equator. One of these was discovered by the VALDIVIA on the con- 

 tinental slope of South Africa and has been met with three times 

 by the PIETER FATJRE but in very much deeper water than where 

 the VALDIVIA specimens were taken. A second species, hitherto un- 

 known to science, of notable size and appearance, has also been 

 taken by- the PIETER FAURE. It belongs- to the same genus as the 

 VALDIVIA'S species, the least specialized group of the family and the 

 one nearest to Echinus. A third species, quite different from these 

 two, has long since been recorded from South Africa, but its occur- 

 rence there is doubtful. The three species are superficially quite 

 unlike and are easily distinguished as follows. 



Key to the South African Species of Strongylocentrotidae. 



Ambitus well above equator; rock-boring species Echinostreplms molare. 



Ambitus at or below equator ; not rock-boring. 



Size small, up to 40 mm. horizontal diameter; height half diameter or less; 

 peristome one-third to one-half diameter; no tridentate pedicellariae with long, 

 straight, narrow jaws Faracentrotus agulhensis. 



Size large, up to 80 mm. h.d.; height from more than half to nearly two- 

 thirds h.d.; peristome less than one-fourth h.d.; tridentate pedicellariae with 

 straight narrow jaws, 12 mm. long, abundant Paracentrotus grandis. 



* ECHINOSTREPHUS MOLARE. 



Echinus molaris Blainville, 1825. Diet. Sci. Nat.: Oursin, p. 88. 

 Echinostrephus molare A. Agassiz, 1872. Rev. Ech., pt. 1, p. 119. 

 1873, Rev. Ech., pt. 3, p. 457; pi. Vo, figs. 10-12. 



Mr. Agassiz lists this species from both Natal and the Cape of 

 Good Hope, as well as from Mozambique. Its occurrence at 



