The Echinoderm Fauna of SouHi Africa. 421 



Color more or less uniformly black . Holothuria atra. 

 Color dark brown or blackish above, rose-color (in life) or 

 gray (in alcohol) beneath . . Holothuria edulis. 



No rosettes but rather large circular perforated plates present 



Holothuria africana. 

 No rosettes or plates present. 



Curved, roughish rods present but no buttons 



Holothuria cinerascens. 

 No rods but buttons present. 



Buttons smooth, without knobs. 



Pedicels on ventral surface; pedicels or small papillae 

 on back. 



Buttons symmetrical usually with 3 pairs of holes. 

 Tops of table-spires squarish with 20 or more 

 teeth . . . Holothuria difficilis. 



Tops of table-spires circular with about 8 teeth 



Holothuria leucospilota. 



Buttons more or less asymmetrical, usually with 

 fewer than 6 holes, collected in heaps or circles 



Holothuria pardalis. 



Large papillae all over the body Holothuria impatiens. 

 Buttons knobbed . . . Holothuria scabra. 



No tables present. 



Spinous, thick rods in skin . . . Holothuria parva. 



Small irregular smooth rods and very diversified, asymmetrical plates 



in skin ..... Holothuna grammata. 



Large pointed tubercles on back and along sides of quadrangular body; color 



deep green in life (dull yellow-brown in alcohol, usually) 



Stichopus chloronotus. 

 Anus guarded by 5 large, calcareous teeth. 



Tentacles 25 or more .... Actinopyga mauritiana. 



Tentacles about 20 (18 23) . . . Actinopyga miliaris. 



HOLOTHURIA ATRA. 



Jaeger, 1833. De Holot, p. 22. See also Edwards, 1908, 

 Biometrika, vol. VI, pp. 236301, pis. I V. 



This common Indo-Pacific species has long been known from 

 Mozambique and Zanzibar. A specimen in the present collection is 

 labelled: Conducia Bay, Mozambique. Rock pools. Nov. 1912. K. H. 

 Barnard. 



* HOLOTHURIA EDULIS. 

 Lesson, 1830. Cent. Zool., p. 125; pi. 46, fig. 2. 



This species has been recorded from Mozambique by Semper but 

 it is not represented in the present collection. Although the cal- 



