The Invertebrate Fauna of the Uitenhagc Series. 33 



Pinna atherstoni Sharpe and P. sharpei Tate with Jurassic forms, 

 for it is evident that these representatives of the genus lack any 

 strong distinctive characters which alone would render them of 

 value in an estimate of geological age. 



Nytilus baini Sharpe was compared with M. sowerbiamis d'Orb., 

 from the Oolites of Europe. It is a Modiola which certainly has 

 characters of form and ornamentation closely similar to those which 

 distinguished M. sowerbiana (d'Orb.) and M. perplicata (Etallon) ; 

 but this type of Modiola is by no means confined to Jurassic rocks, 

 having also a widely distributed representative in the Cretaceous 

 M. flagellifera (Forbes), to mention a well-known example. 



Plioladomya dominicalis Sharpe was thought to resemble Liassic 

 and Oxfordian forms, but it may equally well be brought into com- 

 parison with Lower Cretaceous representatives ; for example, the 

 European Aptian shell ascribed, rightly or wrongly, to P. pedernalis 

 Roem.* 



Astarte pincliiniana Tate was brought into comparison with 



A. pumila Goldf. and A. excentrica Morr. and Lye., from the Great 

 Oolite of Europe. The African shell differs in important respects 

 from these, and, as will be pointed out below, it probably belongs to 

 the sub-generic group Eripliyla and is certainly most closely com- 

 parable with Cretaceous forms. 



Berenicca antipodum Tate was believed by Tate to be related to 



B. striata Haime, from the Lower Lias of France, but has been 

 regarded by Prof. J. W. Gregory t as a close ally of the Cretaceous 

 B. gracilis (Milne Edwards). 



Two Uitenhage Serpuhe were identified by Tate with S. filaria 

 Goldf. and S. plicatilis Miinst., from the Inferior Oolite of Europe. 

 The specimens ascribed to S. plicatilis represent an adherent form 

 sharply carinated on the back, with a weaker carinal angle on either 

 side and a circular aperture, but the true S. plicatilis Goldf. has only 

 a single central, longitudinal keel. S. qmnquangularis Goldf. J 

 (Upper Jurassic) stands much closer in its characters, and a Serpula 

 scarcely distinguishable from this occurs in the Lower Cretaceous of 

 Europe, and may be found named S. quinquangularis in some collec- 

 tions. S. filaria Goldf. is a solitary, wholly adherent form, com- 

 mencing with a coiled stage. So far as can be seen from the 

 imperfect African specimen named S. filaria by Tate, this is a 

 clustering form consisting of crowded, narrow cylindrical tubes, and 



* Pictet and Kenevier (l),p. 60, pi. vi., fig. 7, 1855 ; Moesch (1), p. 93, pi. xxxiii., 

 fig. 2. f Gregory (1), p. 112. 



\ Goldfuss (1), Band i., p. 230, pi. 68, fig. 8 (1831). 



