New South African Fossil Amphibians and Reptiles. 271 



The resemblances of this South African animal to Trematosaurus 

 brauni are sufficiently great to leave little doubt that both should 

 be placed in the same genus. The Spitzbergen Labyrinthodont 

 recently described by Smith- Woodward as Aphaneramma rostratum 

 has an elongated snout, but is not allied to the South African form. 



CAPITOSAURUS AFRICANUS, n. sp. 



In the highest division of the Beaufort series the Burghersdorp * 

 or Cynognathus beds remains of a moderate-sized broad-headed 

 Labyrinthodont are rather common. Many fragments of jaws and 

 teeth occur in Mr. Brown's collection, but I had not thought it wise 

 to name the teeth, as there was little doubt that more perfect 

 specimens would be obtained. Last year I was fortunate in dis- 

 covering the greater part of the skull of this broad-headed form on 

 the farm Vaalbank, near Burghersdorp, and though the specimen is 

 incomplete, enough is preserved to enable one to refer it to the genus 

 Capitosaurus with great probability. A few years ago I described 

 another large flat-headed form from the same beds under the name 

 Cyclotosaurus albertyni, considering with Fraas that it was at least 

 convenient to keep this genus distinct from Capitosaurus. Cycloto- 

 saurus albertyni is the giant Labyrinthodont of the Upper Karroo 

 beds. It occurs at Smithfield, Aliwal North, and Burghersdorp. A 

 large tooth, which does not seem distinguishable from that of 

 C. albertyni, Seeley has recently made the type of a new genus 

 and species. 



The form to which I give the name Capitosaurus africanus is only 

 about half the size of Cyclotosaurus albertyni, and differs in having 

 the auditory notch open behind, as in Capitosaurus nasutus and 

 most other Labyrinthodonts. In general it resembles Capitosaurus 

 nasutus, but differs in having the exoccipital condyles nearly hidden 

 by the superficial cranial bones, and in the prosquarnosal (supra- 

 temporal) being relatively much larger. 



As in C. nasutus, the jugal only forms a very small part of the 

 orbit. The prosquamosal is so large that its outer and anterior 

 angle is almost on the plane of the back of the orbit. The distance 

 from the posterior border of the postparietal (" supraoccipital") in the 

 middle line to the posterior border of the parietal is greater than the 

 distance from the posterior border of the parietal to the pineal 



* Mr. du Toit is inclined to regard the Burghersdorp beds as including both 

 the Cynognathus beds and the Procolophon beds. Lithologically it is doubtful if a 

 distinction can be drawn, but the faunas are very different. 



