The Pseudoscorpions of South Africa. 119 



the considerable length of 5'5 mm. (Tullgren's was only 1'74 mm. 

 long), but then the abdomen is extended to the greatest possible 

 extent, and Tullgren's example may have had the abdomen 

 much contracted, which, among the Pseudoscorpions, is of great 

 consequence as concerns the length ; the males from the same 

 locality were of considerably smaller size. The specimens from the 

 other localities were all smaller, but, with few exceptions, seemed to 

 be younger and not quite mature, although the sexual area of the 

 males appeared quite developed. As regards the galea, I shall make 

 the following remarks : It is only in some younger specimens that 

 the galea seems to be in some measure such as described and 

 figured by Tullgren. Moreover, the galea may vary exceedingly. 

 In the smaller (and younger) specimens the galea is divided into 

 branches, but the division does not always extend to the base ; this 

 may be different even in the same animal. But in the larger and 

 the largest specimens the form of the galea becomes more intricate, 

 the chief branches being often quite considerably rebranched and 

 provided with teeth, and such is especially the case with the large 

 specimens from Newlands. As, however, all other characters in all 

 essential particulars agree well, I have looked on this variation in 

 size and in the form of the galea only as differences derived from 

 the different stages of age, and have not even tried to make any 

 varieties. On the whole it may thus be said that the younger and 

 smaller the specimens are, the more simple is the galea and the 

 nearer is the approach to Tullgren's type. Finally, it may be 

 remarked that there is no essential difference between the galea 

 of the male and of the female. 



The palps of the male are somewhat more slender than those of 

 the female, the hand, especially, of the female is more robust than 

 that of the male, particularly in large specimens ; the same is the 

 case with the tibia. 



A remarkable character which Tullgren overlooks, or at least does 

 not mention, is worthy of notice : The inner margin of the fingers of 

 the palps, that of the fixed finger as well as that of the movable one, 

 is provided with a membranaceous, somewhat transparent, longitu- 

 dinal, rather high, raised ridge or rim, on which the teeth are placed; 

 this membrane is especially developed in the distal half of each 

 finder ; such a transparent membrane has not as yet been observed 

 in any species of Pseudoscorpions, or at least not mentioned in the 

 literature, to my knowledge, except in Chthonius mordax Tullgren, 

 and in that species the ridge is not quite membranaceous, properly 

 speaking, and not transparent. 



