Contributions to the Crustacean Fauna of South Africa. 239 



setae, lower margin with a small spine near the apex and 2-3 

 fine setae. 



Affinities. As regards the shape of the telson this species bears 

 most resemblance to P. brevicaudatits, except that the lower margin 

 of the telson in the latter is convex and not straight as in the 

 former. P. capensis is further distinguished by the notched 5th 

 pleon segment and the longer second antennae, with a flagellum 

 of 30 joints ; that of P. brevicaudatus having only 19. A comparison 

 with the mouth-parts and pleopods of P. brevicaudatus or P. spinosus 

 is unfortunately impossible owing to the brevity of Smith's descrip- 

 tions. 



In the proportional length of pleon plus telson to cephalon plus 

 peraeon P. capensis is near to P. tasmaniae, -iV^-- rW m both 

 species ; this proportion is a good deal higher than in any other 

 species and is only exceeded in P. spinosus, where it is ^\. From 

 P. spinosus P. capensis differs in having a notched 5th pleon seg- 

 ment, and from P. tasmaniae by the absence of a well-defined palni 

 on gnathopod and in the shape of the ischios and meros of the 

 maxillipeds ; they agree, however, in having simple setae on the 

 inner margin of the fixed lobe of the second maxillae. 



The only other species which P. capensis somewhat resembles in 

 the shape of the telson is P. australis ; they agree also as regards 

 the 1st and 2nd maxillae, the maxillipeds and the palm of the 

 gnathopod. The differences are these : in P. australis the upper 

 lip has no lateral as well as terminal patches of hairs, the epistorne 

 has an entire distal margin, the lower lip is slightly different in 

 shape, the spine-row on the left mandible is far more conspicuous, 

 the bases of the peraeopods is more expanded and the uropod has 

 2 very stout spines at the apex of the lower margin. 



The most distinctive feature of P. capensis is the secondary 

 cutting-edge in the right mandible. Hitherto the only member 

 of the family in which this has been found is Phreatoicopsis terricola. 

 In Phreatoicus typicus, australis and assiinilis it is described as 

 absent in the right mandible ; in Tasmanian specimens of australis 

 I have myself failed to find it. In the descriptions of the other 

 species of Phreatoicus the right mandible has not been specially 

 mentioned, so that it is possible that some or all of these species 

 may be found to possess a secondary cutting-edge in the right as 

 well as the left mandible. 



P. capensis has no other characters in common with Phreatoi- 

 copsis, but agrees perfectly with Phreatoicus. It would, however, 

 be interesting to know whether the penial filament on the 2nd 



