90 HALICHCERUS GRYPUS GRAY SEAL. 



Halichccrus yryphus, BALL, Trans. Roy. Irish Acad., xviii, 1838, 89, pi. i 

 (animal, female and. two young), pi. ii (skull, female), pi. iii (lower 

 jaw and teeth). BELL, Brit. Quad., 1837, 278 (figg. skull and ani- 

 mal); ibid., 1874, 262. REINHARDT, Kryiyer's Naturhist.-Tidsskr., 

 iv, 1843, 313; Isis, 1845, 702. REEKS, Zoologist, 1871, 2549 (New- 

 foundland). GRAY, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., 4th ser., ix, 1872, 

 322 (occurrence in Brit. Isl.); ibid., xiv, 1874, 96 (Cornwall). 

 MALM, Gqteborgs och Bohuslaus Fauna Ryggradsjuren, 1877, 145. 



Halichfcrus grisens, Nilsson, Skaud. Faun., i, 1820, 377. HORNSCIIUCH, Isis, 

 1824, 810. LESSON, Man. de Main., 1827, 205. HAMILTON, Ainphib. 

 Carniv., 1839, 174, pi. .x. SELBY, Ann. Nat. Hist., vi, 1841, 462 

 (Faru Islands). 



Phoca halichccriis, THIENEMANN, "Reise in Norden Europa's, i, 1824, 142." 



Phoca MopnUeola, THIENEMANN, "Reise in Norden Europa's, i, 1824, 59, pi. 

 v (adult male)." (Iceland.) FISCHER, Syn. Main., 1829, 237 (from 

 Thieiiemanu and Lesson). 



Ciillofcphalun scopulicolus, Lesson, Man. de Mam., 1820, 199 (=Phoca scopu- 

 licola, Thieuemauu). 



Phoca thienemanni, Lesson, Diet, class. d'Hist. Nat., xiii, 1828, 414 (=Phoca 

 scopulicola, Thienemann). 



Halichnrus macrorhynchus, HORNSCHUCH and SCHILLING, Arch, fiir Natur- 

 gesch., 1851, 22. 



Halichccrus pachyrhynchus, HORNSCHUCH and SCHILLING, Arch, flir Natnr- 

 gesch., 1851, 22. 



Phoca barbata, EDMONSTONE, View of the Zetland Islands, ii, 1809, 294. 

 SELBY, Zoolog. Journ., ii, 1826, 465. FLEMING, Hist. Brit. Anim., 

 1828, 18. JENYNS, Brit. Vert., 1835, 16. MACGILLIVRAY, Brit. 

 Quad., 1838, 212 (in part). HAMILTON, Ainphib. Carnivora, 1839, 

 145, pi. "3", iv (in part only the biographical matter relating to 

 British localities). BELL, Hist. Brit. Quad., 1837, 274 (the British 

 references only). 



Seal from the South Seas, HOME, Phil. Trans., 1822, pi. xxvii (skull). 



Gray Seal, English; Grane- Seclunid, German; Grd Sial, Gra SJccil, Swedish; 

 Krumsnude de Seel, Danish; Tapvaist, Hebridian; Haaf-fish, Orca- 

 dian ; rt-Selur, Wvtrar-Sdur, Icelandic. 



EXTERNAL CIIAEACTERS. Color of the adults silver-gray, 

 asli-gray. or dusky-gray, with obscurely denned spots of dusky 

 or blackish, the general color varying in different individuals 

 from nearly uniform silvery, or yellowish-white, to dusky or even 

 black, the lighter examples with or without blackish spots. 

 The young are at first white or yellowish- white, but soon be- 

 come dingy-yellow, blotched irregularly with blackish-gray, 

 and later acquire still darker tints. The pelage in the young- 

 is soft and woolly, in the adults short and rigid and rather 

 sparse, the hairs flattened, adpressed, often recurved at the 

 tips. The mystacial bristles are abundant, large, stiff, flat- 

 tened, and waved or crenulated on both margins. -Fore feet 



