430 FAMILY PHOCIDJE. 



however, really covered several distinct species), as follows : 1. 

 Le grand Pkoque a museau ride (=Macrorhinus leoninus); 2. 

 Lc Phoque a veutre blauc (=primaiily Monachus albiventer, 

 with an original description and a good figure, from a specimen 

 taken October 28, 1777, in the Adriatic Sea, but to which he er- 

 roneously referred Parsons's Long-bodied Seal, he giving a trans- 

 lation of Parsons's description and a copy of his figure, and also 

 the Utsuk of Cranz, and a large Seal mentioned by Charlevoix 

 as found on "les cotes de 1'Acadie"); 3. Le Phoque a capu- 

 chon ( = Cystophom cristata) ; 4. Le Phoque a croissant ( =Phoca 

 yrcenlandica, at least mainly) ; 5. Le Phoque Neit-soak (Phoca 

 foetida); 6. Le Phoque Laktak de Kamtschatka (=Ericjnatlms 

 larbatu*)-, 7. Le Phoque Gassigiak (= the Seal "appelee Jcas- 

 sigiaJc par les Groenlandois " j consequently Phoca vitulina) ; 8. 

 Le Phoque cominim ( = primarily Phoca vitulina, but with allu- 

 sions to other species). Of these eight species two are composite, 

 and one is purely nominal.* 



In the same year (1782) also appeared Molina's work on the 

 natural history of Chili, t in which, under the head of Phoca, are 

 described four species, all claimed by the author to be new. 

 These are : 1. "L'Urique, Phoca lupina" (a Fur-Seal, or at least 

 an Otaiy); 2. "II Porco marina, Phoca porcina" (probably the 

 young of the next); 3. "II Lame, Phoca elephantina" (=Phoca 

 leonina, Linne, 1758 and 1766) ; 4. " II Leon marin, Phoca leo- 

 nina," (=0taria jubata, auct.). 



In 1784 Boddaert appears to have added (I have not the work| 

 at hand) four synonyms, as follows: 1. Phoca albiventer (=P. 

 monacJms, Herm.); 2. Phoca semilunaris (=P. grcenlandica) ; 3. 



*This enumeration, however, is a great improvement upon that given by 

 the same author in 1765, in the thirteenth volume of his " Histoire natnrelle", 

 where all the Seals then known are referred to four species. " . . . . le 

 premier (pi. xlv) est le phoque de uotre oce"an, dont il y a plusieurs varie"- 

 te~s" ; called also "le Veau marin ou Phoque de nos mers". The second, sup- 

 posed to be "le plioca des ancieus", and which is figured in pi. liii, is a young 

 Eared Seal, the Plioca pusilla of later writers, of which he says, "on nous a 

 assurd que 1'iudividu que nous vu venoit des Indes", etc. Later it is 

 called "le petit phoque uoir des Indes & du Levant". (See further, anted, 

 p. 194. ) The third is the Seal described by Parsons in 1743 the Long-bodied 

 Seal of this and many subsequent authors here called "le grand phoque 

 des mers du Nord". The fourth is Alison's "Sea Lion", but which here 

 covers also " les grands phoques des mers du Canada, dont paiie Denis, sous 

 le noin de loups niarins", to which he is also inclined to refer the larger Seal 

 described by Parsons ! 



tSaggio Sulla Storia Naturale del Chili, pp. 275-290,341. 



tElenchus Animalium, vol. i, 1784, pp. 170, 171. 



