446 FAMILY PHOCID.E. 



10. Plioca frederici ( = discolor, F. Cuvier) ; 11. Phoca pylayi 

 (= lagura, G. Cuvier); 12. Plioca demaresti (= albicauda, Des- 

 marest) ; 13. Plioca hermanni ( = monachus, Hermann, to which 

 are referred also albiventer, Bodd., and leucogaster, Peron) ; 14. 

 Plioca chorisi (= Chien de Mer, Choris) ; 15. Phoca byroni (ex 

 Blaiuville); 10. Plioca homei ( = leptonyx, Blainville); 17. Plioca 

 weddelli (Otaria iceddelli, Less.); 18. Phoca proboscidea (includes 

 leonina, Linn., elepTiantina, Molina, and ansoni, Desm., in part). 



Of these eighteen " species " nine are purely nominal; eleven 

 are needlessly renamed, and in addition to which Choris's 

 "Chien de Mer" is for the first time introduced into systematic 

 nomenclature, thereby adding in all twelve synonyms in a 

 notice of eighteen supposed species, representing only nine 

 valid ones. The only redeemable feature is the proper alloca- 

 tion of twelve nominal species of preceding authors. He also 

 considers it probable that Peron's Phoca resima, Desmarest's 

 Plioca coxii, and Molina's Plioca lupina, should be referred to his 

 Plioca proboscidea. Of the nine valid species only two stand 

 under tenable specific names. 



Fischer, in 1829, in his " Synopsis Mammalium," recognized 

 eighteen species of "Phocai" under his division u \\Auriculis 

 nullis" (1. c., pp. 234-242, "375-378," i. e., 575-578), which are 

 as follows: 1. Phoca leonina, Linn. (= P. proboscidea, Peron); 

 2. Plioca ansoni, Desm. ; 3. Phoca byroni, Blainv. (the three pre- 

 ceding all referable, either wholly or in part, to Macrorhinus 

 leoninus] ; 4. Plioca monachus, Herin. ; 5. Plioca viiulina, Linn. ; 



6. Phoca leporina, Lepech. ; 7. Plioca discolor (= Calloceplialus 

 discolor, F. Cuv.) ; 8. Plioca scopulicola, Thienm.; 9. Plioca leu- 

 copla, Thienm.; 10. Plioca lagura, G. Cuv.; 11. Phoca grcen- 

 landica, " Mull." ; 12. Plioca yrypus, Fabr. ; 13. Plioca liispida, 

 Schreber ; 14. Plioca barbata, " Mull." ; 15. Phoca leptonyx, 

 Blainv.; 16. Plioca weddelU, "Less."; 17. Phoca cristata, Erxl.; 

 18. Phoca chorisi, Less. Thirteen others are given as doubtful 

 or not well determined, one of which is here first named. These 

 are: 1. Phoca dubia (n. sp., = Macrorhinus leoninus, juv.*) ; 2. 

 Plioca oceanica, Lepech. ; Phoca lupina, Molina ; 4. Phoca sericea, 

 Thunb. ; 5. Phoca canina, Thunb. ; 6. Phoca vitulina, Thunb. ; 



7. Plioca testudinea, Shaw ; 8. Phoca fasciata, Shaw ; 9. Phoca 

 punctata, " Ency. Brit." ; 10. Phoca maculata, " Ency. Brit." ; 



11. Phoca nigra, "Ency. Brit."; 13. Plioca antarctica, Thunb. 

 (= Arctocephalus antarcticus}. In the "Addenda" (1830), how- 



* See Nilsson, Wiegmaim's Archiv, 1841, pp. 324, 325. 



