450 FAMILY PHOCID^E. 



1. Plioca proboscidea ; 2. P. monachus ; 3. P. vitulina ; 4. P. 

 caspica; 5. P. barbata; C. P. annellata (=fcetida)j 7. P. green- 

 landica ; 8. P. yrypus; 9. P. lagura ; 10. P. leptonyx; 11. P. 

 iceddelli ; 12. P. cristata. Eleven of these represent valid spe- 

 cies, one only (P. lagura) being nominal. The doubtful ones are, 

 1. P. cliorlsi ; 2. P. sericea, Thuub. ; 3. P. testudinea, Shaw. 



In 1846 Andreas Wagner, in his continuation of Schreber's 

 "Saugthiere " (Theil vii, pp. 5-51) presented an important revis- 

 ion of the Earless Seals. The fourteen species recognized by 

 him he refers to four genera, as follows : 1. Haliclicerus yrypus 

 (to which he refers Phoca hispida, Schreber !) ; 2. Plioca barbata; 

 3. Phoca grcenlandica ; 4. Phoca nummularis (ex '" Schlegel", i. e. 

 Temminck, Fauna Japou. = P. fcetida); 5. Phoca vitulina; C. 

 Plioca annellata (ex Mlsson ; P.fcetida and P. hispida, Fabric, are 

 given as synonyms!); 7. Plioca caspica ; 8. Leptonyx serridens 

 (= Stenorhynchus serridens, Owen, and Lobodon carcinophaga, 

 Gray) ; 9. Leptonyx Icopardina (ex Jameson MSS. apud Ham- 

 ilton; " Phoca leptonyx, Blainville" = Leptonyx weddelli}] 10. 

 Leptonyx iceddelli; 11. Leptonyx rossi; 12. Leptonyx monachus ; 

 13. Cystophora prdboscidea; 14. Cystophora cristata. Of these, 

 two (Phoca nummularis and Leptonyx leopardinus) are nominal. 

 Although a highly important, and in most respects a judicious 

 review of the subject, it presents several strange allocations of 

 synonymy, as above noted. Under Leptonyx iceddelli, for exam- 

 ple, the only references he cites he had just previously given 

 under 8. leopardinus, and appears to separate the two species 

 on the basis of erroneous drawings of the hind feet. Neither 

 does he explain why he refers Schreber's Phoca hispida to Hali- 

 chcerus grypus, or why he allows annellata of Kilsson to take pre- 

 cedence offcetida of Fabricius. 



Peale,* in 1848, misled by the transposition of a label, de- 

 scribed specimens of Phoca vitulina from the Pacific coast of 

 North America, under the name Haliclicerus antarcticus, suppos- 

 ing the specimens came from the Desolation Islands. 



In 1849 Dr. J. E. Gray t "received", he says, "from the West 

 Indies the skin and skull of a Seal which evidently belongs to 

 the same genus as the crested seal of the northern hemisphere", 

 which he described under the name Cystophora antillarum. He 

 refers to another "imperfect skin of a seal from Jamaica, which 



*Kep. U. S. Ex. Exp., vol. viii, 1848, p. 30. 

 t Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1849, p. 93. 



