452 FAMILY PHOCID2E. 



thirteen in number, are referred to four genera, as follows : 1 . 

 Halichcerus (jrypus ; 2. Plioca barbata (with leporina, Lepech., 

 albigenasmdnautica, Pallas, as synonyms) ; 3. Phoca grcenlandica 

 (with oceanica, "Steller," and dorsata, Pallas, as synonyms, to 

 which also ochotensis, Pallas, is doubtfully added); 4. Phoca 

 nummularix, "Schlegel" ( = fcetida) ; 5. Phoca vituUna (with the 

 synonyms variegata, Miss., littorea and scopulicola, Thienemann, 

 concolorj DeKay, etc.) ; 6. Phoca annellata (with fcetida and 

 hispida, Fabr., discolor, F. Guv., and octonotata and imdulata, 

 Kutorga, as synonyms) ; 7. Plioca caspica ; 8. Leptonyx serridens 

 (= cardnophaga) ; 9. Leptonyx leopardinus (= leptonyx, Blainv.); 

 10. Leptonyx weddelli ; 11. Leptonyx monachus ; 12. Cystophora 

 proboscidea (with ansoni, Desm., and dubia, Fisch., as synonyms),- 

 13. Cystopliora cristata (with leonina-, Linn., borealis, Nilss. r 

 leucopla, Thieninann, and mitrata, "Fisch.," as synonyms). 

 Of the thirteen species one only (nummularis) is nominal, and 

 nearly all stand under their proper specific names, while the 

 various synonyms are in every case correctly referred. 



Von Schrenck, in 1859, in his "Eeisen und Forschungen im 

 Anmr-Lande" (vol. i, pp. 180-188, pi. ix) recognized four spe- 

 cies as occurring on the Amoor coast of the Ochots Sea, namely : 

 1. "Phoca nummularis, Schleg." (= lt Plioca larcjlia, Pallas"); 2. 

 Phoca barbata(="Ph. nautica und Ph. albigena, Pallas"); 3. 

 " Phoca ochotensis, Pallas"; 4. "Phoca equestris, Pallas" (= P. 

 fasciata., Zimm.). While none are assumed by the author to be 

 new, the last is for the first time adequately described and fig- 

 ured. Although the existence of this remarkable species was 

 indicated by Pennant in 1781, on information and a drawing 

 furnished him by Pallas, it had hitherto been seen by no sub- 

 sequent author, and had generally figured as a synonym of 

 other species or in the lists of the doubtful or indeterminable 

 ones. Von Schrenck, however, not only gave detailed descrip- 

 tions of the dentition and external characters, with measure- 

 ments of the old and young of both sexes, but also colored 

 figures of the adult male and female. 



In 18G2, Eadde, in his "Eeisen irn Siiden von Ost-Sibirien" 

 (Theil i, pp. 296-304, pi. xiii) described at length a skull of a 

 young female of the Lake Baikal Seal under the name Phoca 

 annellata, and incidentally in comparison therewith a skull of 

 the Caspian Seal (Phoca caspica) and three skulls of Phoca 

 fcetida ("annellata") from the East Sea, aU of which he referred 

 to the Phoca annellata of Nilsson. His article is of importance 



