FOSSIL REMAINS. 479 



4. Phoca gaudini, Guiscardi. Italy, from caverns. Allied to Monachus 



albiventer. 



5. Phoca mceotica, Eicliwald. Basin of the Black Sea. Allied to Mona- 



chus albiventer. 



6. Phoca ambigua, H. von Meyer. Osnabruk. Tertiary. Allied to Phoca 



vitulina. 



7. Platyphoca vulgaris, Van Beneden. Anvers. Pliocene. Allied to 



Erignathus barbatus. 



8. Callophoca obscura, Van Beneden. Anvers. P^ocene. Allied to Phoca 



grcenlandica. 



9. Gryphoca similis, Van Beneden. Anvers. Pliocene. Allied to Ha- 



lichccrus (jrypus. 

 10. Phocanella pumila, Van Beneden. Anvere. Pliocene. Allied to Phoca 



fcctida. 



11. Phocanella minor, Van Beneden. Anvers. Pliocene. Allied to Phoca 

 fcetida. 



12. Phoca vitulinoides, Van Beneden. Anvers. Pliocene*. Allied to Phoca 



vitulina. 



13. Phoca pontica, Eichwald. Basin of the Black Sea. Allied to Phoca 



vitulina. 



14. Phoca halitschensis, Blainville. Valley of the Danube. Allied to 



Phoca vitulina. 



15. Monatherinm delongii, Van Beneden. Anvers. Upper Miocene. So 



far as can be judged the genus Monatherium (known only from verte- 

 brae ) is allied to Monachus. 



16. Monatherinm aberratum, Van Beneden. Anvers. Upper Miocene. 



17. Monatherium affinis, Van Beneden. Anvers. Upper Miocene. 



18. Prophoca rousseaui, Van Beneden. Anvers. Upper Miocene. 



19. Prophoca proxima, Van Beneden. Anvers. Upper Miocene. Al- 



though the genus Prophoca is a true Phocid, its affinities with any 

 one of the existing types rather than with another are not apparent. 



It thus appears that each of the existing species is repre- 

 sented by one or more allied forms among the extinct species, 

 the greater part of the extinct forms, however, clustering about 

 the Monk Seal (Monachus albiventer) of the Mediterranean, and 

 the common Vituline or Harbor Seal (Phoca vitulina).* As 



* The nearest living affines of the extinct genera may be thus tabulated : 

 Extinct. Living. 



Mesotaria, represented by, or allied to Cystophora. 



Pnstwphoca, ) represented bv or allied ^ Monachus. 



Palceophoca, > 



Callophoca, represented by, or allied to Pagophilus. 



Platyphoca, represented by, or allied to Erignalhus. 



Gryphoca, represented by, or allied to Halichoerua. 



Phocanella, represented by, or allied to " Pagomys." 



Phoca vitulinoides, represented by, or allied to Phoca vitulina. 



Monatherium, represented by, or allied to Monachus. 



Prophoca, represented by, or allied to . 



