Nutrition and Other Subjects of Allied Interest 



No. 126. BENEDICT, FRANCIS G., and T. M. CARPENTER. The Metabolism and 

 Energy Transformations of Healthy Alan during Rest. Octavo, vin-f- 

 255 pages. Published 1910. Price $1.75. 



In the decade during which the experiments were in progress with the respiration 

 calorimeter at Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut, a large amount of 

 material on the normal metabolism of healthy men and women was accumulated. 

 This material has been in part published in other reports, but much of it has never 

 been published and is collected here for final presentation. Among the subjects 

 discussed in detail are the changes in body-weight, the insensible perspiration, body- 

 temperature with its variations and fluctuations, and pulse-rate. By means of the 

 respiration apparatus important data with regard to the vaporization of water from 

 the body of the subject were accumulated, and these are discussed at some length in 

 connection with the elimination of carbon dioxide, oxygen consumption, and the heat 

 elimination and heat production. Special reference is made to comparison between 

 the metabolism during sleep and during waking hours and the relationship between 

 the different factors of metabolism. The variations in metabolism due to variations 

 in physical characteristics, age, muscular activity, sex, etc., have received especial 

 attention, including the metabolism of athletes, non-athletes, and women. Experi- 

 ments dealing with the metabolism and energy transformations incidental to simple 

 every-day movements are included, and tentative tables for computing the metabo- 

 lism of normal individuals with varying degrees of muscular activity are given. 

 No. 136. BENEDICT, FRANCIS G., and ELLIOTT P. JOSLIN. Metabolism in Diabetes 

 Mellitus. Octavo, vi-f 234 pages, 2 plates, Published 1910. Price $2.00. 



This publication records in detail the study of the metabolism of 13 diabetic 

 patients by means of the respiration calorimeters of the Nutrition Laboratory. The 

 investigation included 42 experiments lasting 2 to 6 hours, 14 hours after the last 

 meal, together with 11 experiments following ingestion of food. In these experi- 

 ments the water elimination, carbon-dioxide production, oxygen consumption, and 

 heat elimination and production were determined, and simultaneous determinations 

 were likewise made of the body-temperature, pulse-rate, and respiration-rate. Be- 

 sides experiments with the respiration calorimeters, 26 experiments were made with 

 a respiration apparatus which permitted very exact determination of carbon-dioxide 

 production and oxygen absorption. The urine was collected and the nitrogen and 

 sugar determined in all these experiments. 



Complete details of the investigation are reported in this publication, together 

 with the clinical history of each case. A summary is given of the gaseous exchange 

 and energy transformation in these experiments, and the averages are compared 

 with those for normal individuals in experiments with the same apparatus. The 

 metabolism in diabetes of different degrees of severity is compared. 



Some of the other topics discussed are the nitrogen excretion, the dextrose- 

 nitrogen ratio and its significance, the respiratory quotient, which is compared with 

 the dextrose-nitrogen ratio, the vaporization of water from the lungs and skin, and 

 the influence of food on the nitrogen and sugar excretions, on the respiratory ex- 

 change, and on the total katabolism. The report concludes with a discussion of 

 practical features in the treatment of diabetes on which light has been thrown by 

 this investigation, including a consideration of the quantities of food allowed dia- 

 betic patients, the restriction of the diet, and the advisability of making the diabetic 

 sugar-free. The value of the respiration calorimeter in studying diabetes mellitus 

 is shown, and suggestions are made for further investigations on this subject. 

 No. 176. BENEDICT, FRANCIS G.. and ELLIOTT P. JOSLIN. A Study of Metabolism in 

 Severe Diabetes. Octavo, vi+135 pages. Published 1912. Price $1.25. 



Since the publication of the earlier results of the investigation on diabetes 

 mellitus (Publication No. 136 of the Carnegie Institution of Washington), a con- 

 siderable amount of research has been carried out with especial reference to the 

 metabolism in severe cases of diabetes. The results of the later investigation are 

 reported in Publication No. 176, and include experimental data regarding 17 cases, 6 

 of which were also studied in the earlier part of the research. Of these 17 cases, all 

 but 3 are classified as "severe diabetes." The apparatus and methods used were 



