148 Zoology 



poison apparatus. In a short chapter on the phylogeny of poisonous snakes, the 

 author states that the poison gland was probably the first of the specialized struc- 

 tures to appear, and that the elaborate, erectile, grooved fangs were of later devel- 

 opment. The poison gland "is equivalent to, if not identical with, the parotid of the 

 mammalia?" The remainder of the work is given up to a consideration of the 

 venom itself. There are chapters on its physical and chemical properties ; symptoms 

 of venom poisoning in man and in lower animals; and on the organism as a whole 

 and upon specific organs and tissues. 



There follow chapters on artificial and natural immunity, with a technical dis- 

 cussion of antivenins. The final chapter, "Treatment of Snake Bites," contains a 

 careful review of the various so-called antidotes with a scientific testing of their 

 value. The monograph ends with a bibliography of about 400 titles and an index. 



No. 159. HOWARD, L. O., HARRISON G. DYAR, and FREDERICK KNAB. The Mos- 

 quitoes of North and Central America and the West Indies. In 4 vol- 

 umes. Octavo. Price $10.00 per set of 4 volumes. 



Vol. i. A General Consideration of Mosquitoes, their Habits and their Relations 

 to the Human Species, vn+szo pages, 14 plates, 6 text figs. Published 1912. 

 Vol. 2. x pages, 150 plates. Published 1912. 



Vol. 3. Systematic Description, Part I. Pages vi+523. Published 1913. 

 Vol. 4. Systematic Description, Part II. Pages 525 to 1064. Published 1917. 



This report contains a full account of the mosquitoes of North America, from 

 the Isthmus of Panama northward, including the West Indies and Trinidad, but 

 exclusive of the Arctic regions. Tables are given for determining the genera and 

 species, both as larva; and adults, with full accounts of each species, with synonymy 

 and bibliography, and their life-histories and habits so far as known, illustrated by 

 numerous drawings of male genitalia, larvae and larval details, eggs, and pupae. The 

 introductory first volume gives a general consideration of the anatomy and of the 

 different stages of mosquitoes, their metamorphosis and habits ; also an outline of 

 the most recent results in the study of mosquitoes as carriers of disease, accounts 

 of other relations of these insects to man, and a full general discussion of the sub- 

 ject. All the methods of control of the noxious species are discussed, especially in 

 their relations to the individual species concerned in the transfer of diseases, of 

 which the most important are yellow fever and malaria. 



Mo. 18. MORSE, ALBERT P. Researches on North American Acridiidce. Octavo, 56 



pages, 8 plates. Published 1904. Price $0.50. 



The investigation on which this report is made was directed toward the acquisi- 

 tion of facts of faunal, biological, and morphological value concerning the acridian 

 investigation is given, together with a statement of the results secured ; the data on 

 which the generalized statements are based; an annotated list of the species taken, 

 with locality, habitat, and the date of capture; brief notes on the geographical and 

 zonal distribution of the genera of North American Acridiidae; and contributions to 

 locust biology in the shape of a classification of locust habitats and societies and an 

 explanation of brachypterism in Orthoptera. 



No. 68. MORSE, ALBERT P. Further Researches on North American Acridiidae. 



Octavo, 54 pages, 10 plates, 1 text figure. Published 1907. Price $0.50. 



The above report is based upon data obtained during the second field trip in the 

 summer of 1905. The purpose of the latter trip, like that of the former, was to se- 

 cure general information regarding North American locust fauna and its ecology 

 over a wide extent of little-studied territory. A large amount of material and 

 biological data were secured, together with several previously undescribed forms. 



No 197. WRIGHT, ALBERT HAZEN. Life Histories of North American Anura: 

 The Anura of Ithaca, New York. Octavo, 98 pages, 21 plates. Pub- 

 lished 1914. Price $2.00. 



This work treats of eight of the common species of the eastern United States 

 and considers their general habits, the temperature and time of first appearance in 

 the spring, the mating and egg-laying phenomena, the characters of the eggs and 

 their hatching periods, the characters of the tadpoles and their larval periods. th 



