F. GEOGRAPHY. 145 



for the purpose of attaining the highest latitude at about 42 

 east longitude ; and the third, from Nova Zembla eastward, 

 to investigate the Siberian Polynia. All three expeditions 

 should be fitted out for passing the winter, and have auxiliary 

 steam-power. The latter is indispensable, as the favorable 

 condition of these seas occurs so late in the season as to make 

 it proper that the brief period available for action should be 

 made use of with all possible energy. 



The same number of the Mittheilungen contains the report 

 of Lamont's cruise from May to August, and notices of the 

 labor of Johannesen, Mack, Carlsen, and others, in the sum- 

 mer of 1871. Captain Mack reached the degree of 80 east 

 longitude without finding any ice. 17 A, December 8,457. 



PUBLICATIONS OF THE U. S. HYDROGEAPHIC OFFICE. 



In 1871 the important papers of Dr. Petermann upon the 

 Gulf Stream, with their accompanying maps and charts, were 

 translated into English and published by the United States 

 Hydrographic Office, under the direction of Captain R. H. 

 Wyman. Since then two supplements have beeji issued by 

 the office, including additional information obtained by Dr. 

 Petermann, the second one accompanied by a map of the 

 northern region of Europe and Asia east of Greenland. This, 

 which is on quite a large scale, gives us the results of the dis- 

 coveries made up to the end of 1871, including the work done 

 by Lamonfc, Mack, Johannesen, Payer and Weyprecht, Rosen- 

 thal, etc. The text of this supplement contains reports of 

 the cruises of Smyth and Ulve, and of Captain Torkildsen, 

 papers on the sea north of Spitzbergen, and on Gillis's Land 

 and King Charles's Land, etc. 



Petermann is of the opinion that, as far as the discoveries 

 of land go, the results of Smyth and Ulve are more import- 

 ant than those of any cruise between Greenland and Siberia 

 for many years past, as they show that the northeast line of 

 Spitzbergen extends across 10^- degrees of longitude instead 

 of the 7-^ previously assigned, this extension including the 

 southern coast as well as the northern. The easternmost 

 point reached by this expedition was a little beyond the 28th 

 degree of east longitude. 2d Supplement Gulf Stream Me- 

 moirs. 



G 



