F. GEOGRAPHY. . !G3 



was highly auriferous, was found to abound in ruins which 

 certainly must have been of very great antiquity. 



A recent circular of Dr. Petermann contains additional in- 

 formation from Herr Mauch of the discovery of an ancient 

 city, situated in latitude 20 14' south and longitude 31 48' 

 east, 200 geographical miles due west of the port of Sofala, 

 and about 100 miles north of the Limpopo River. Here ruins 

 of buildings were found with walls 30 feet high, 15 feet thick, 

 and 450 feet across ; a tower and other erections formed ex- 

 clusively of hewn granite, without mortar, and with orna- 

 ments which seem to show that they are neither Portuguese 

 nor Arabian, and not improbably of the age of the Phceni- 

 cians, or Tyrians, and King Solomon. 



Mr. Charles Beke, in a communication to the Athenaeum, 

 reviewing these supposed discoveries, remarks that if this be 

 the original location of Ophir, it does not at all follow that the 

 gold exported therefrom was produced in the vicinity, since, 

 even if collected there from a great distance, and there first 

 brought into general commerce, it would not be unnaturally 

 " Ophir" gold. Thus he instances the " Turkey" rhubarb, 

 " Mocha" coffee, " Leghorn" hats, " Zanzibar" copal, etc., all of 

 them articles not produced in the places mentioned, but sim- 

 ply exported thence. 15 A, February 10, 1872, 180. 



DISCOVERY OF LIVINGSTONE BY STANLEY. 



The successful accomplishment by Mr. Stanley of the mis- 

 sion intrusted to him by the New York Herald, namely, that 

 of finding and succoring Dr. Livingstone, has created an ex- 

 citement throughout the civilized world, and the European 

 and American press vie with each other in their commenda- 

 tions of the enterprise undertaken by the journal, and the 

 ability and energy with which it was satisfactorily accom- 

 plished by the agent. 



Mr. Stanley, after receiving his instructions from the Her- 

 ald to find Dr. Livingstone, " dead or alive," proceeded to 

 Zanzibar, and thence penetrated the African continent, as 

 nearly as possible by the route that- Dr. Livingstone was 

 thought to have taken, and arrived at L T nyanycmbe on the 

 23d of June, 1871, which was the date of the last advices pre- 

 viously received from him. lie experienced drawbacks in 

 the sickness and death of his men, which weakened his com- 



