F. GEOGRAPHY. 27] 



which, with 3000 sacks of reindeer moss, and other necessa- 

 ries for wintering in the arctic regions, have been taken by 

 another (hired) steamer, the Onkel Adam, to the intended 

 winter quarters. The Swedish government has placed the 

 brig Gladan at the professor's disposal till the beginning of 

 winter. This vessel has likewise started from Tromso, hav- 

 ing on board the house in which the party is to winter in the 

 Seven Isles ; she will return to Tromso, and thence take back 

 a second cargo consisting of coals. 



The expedition is further furnished with 1545 pounds of 

 photogen, which is to serve as lighting and cooking material 

 on the sledge journey. The house contains six living-rooms 

 (one of which is to be used as a work-shop), in addition to a 

 kitchen, pantry, bath-room, and frost-proof cellar. The expe- 

 dition has also taken from Stockholm three " observation 

 sheds." It is amply provisioned for two years, and well sup- 

 plied with warm winter clothes, including complete suits of 

 Lappish clothing for every person in the expedition. On the 

 sledge journey, among other things, concentrated rum, pho- 

 togen compressed into cakes, sleeping-bags, tents of tarpau- 

 lin, and a large sleeping-carpet will be taken. Three boats, 

 weighing respectively 300, 200, and 150 pounds, and specially 

 adapted for ice traveling, with sledges, had been shipped at 

 Copenhagen. To assist the Laplanders in the management 

 and supervision of the reindeer, they have with them five 

 reindeer dogs. Three live pigs also form part of the provi- 

 sions. The expedition is well provided with the necessary 

 scientific instruments. 2 A, August 24, 187.2, 132. 



ARCTIC EXPLORATIONS IN 1872. 



As the season for summer explorations in the far North 

 comes to an end, we begin to receive some information as to 

 the results accomplished by the many expeditions that have 

 been fitted out for the above-mentioned purpose. Among 

 the earliest returns is that from the vessel which visited 

 Spitzbergen under Captain Altmann, as communicated through 

 Dr.Petermann. The east coast of Spitzbergen was found to 

 be remarkably free from ice, and safe for navigation ; and in- 

 deed there were so few obstacles that Captain Altmann was 

 able to visit King Carl's Land, which, although seen at a dis- 

 tance, had never been actually landed upon. This was sup- 



