206 ANNUAL RECORD OF SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY. 



tacean singularly like the ancient trilobites. With reference 

 to temperature off the coast of Brazil, Count Pourtales's notes 

 give the following details: "Off Macayo, Brazil, January 17th, 

 in lat. 90 45' S., long. 35 W., the surface temperature was 

 80.5; at 100 fathoms it was 67; at 485 fathoms, 44.5 ; at 

 556 fathoms (a few miles farther west), 42.5. In lat. 11 49' 

 S.,long. 37 10' W., surface, 80.3; at 613 fathoms, 39. A 

 number of dredgings were taken in the same parallel, but 

 nearer shore, with moderate success." He adds that subse- 

 quent "casts of the dredge were taken at various points along 

 the east coast of South America and in the Straits of Magel- 

 lan, but almost always in depths less than 50 fathoms, where 

 temperature presented no particular interest." 



A delay of three weeks at Rio de Janeiro interrupted the 

 work at sea, but advantage of it was taken to make large 

 collections from the market of Rio de Janeiro, and from the 

 neighboring rivers and brooks. The most valuable contribu- 

 tion to science made there, however, consisted in prepara- 

 tions of large numbers of fish-brains, both marine and fresh- 

 water. 



The next port was Montevideo. Entrance to the city was 

 prevented by quarantine, but an opportunity was presented 

 of studying glacial phenomena on a hill in the harbor, where 

 a landing w r as permitted. Here were found erratic material 

 of an unquestionably glacial character, and other evidences 

 of glacial action. Indeed, the most striking fact of all is that 

 the hill itself is a true " roche moutonnee." 



On leaving the Rio de la Plata, February 2 2d, the dredge 

 was dropped in some seven fathoms, and came up laden with 

 valuable specimens. Among other things, this cast gave a 

 large voluta, and the egg of a voluta (of which many after- 

 ward were found belonging to different kinds of volutas), 

 many olivas, renillas, crustaceans, and echinoderms. It is not 

 important to record all the dredgings ; they were frequent 

 sometimes very remunerative, sometimes the contrary. One 

 dredging of especial value for its rare mollusks and echino- 

 derms was taken off the mouth of the Rio Negro. 



The next point of great interest was the Gulf of San Ma- 

 thias, at the head of which is the so-called Port San Antonio. 

 The collections made in this region were large and various ; 

 among other treasures, an interesting accumulation of tertia- 



