222 ANNUAL RECORD OF SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY. 



posely by the early race and used for decorations. Corr. 

 Blatt. d. Gesellsch. Anthropoid etc., 1871, 31, 



A NEW BONE CAVE IN GERMANY. 



Messrs. Escher von der Linth and Desor, at the last meet- 

 ing of the Association of Swiss Naturalists, made a communi- 

 cation upon the discovery of a new bone cave in the Swabian 

 Alps by Professor Fraas, a gentleman who has already made 

 important discoveries in regard to the deposits of Primitive 

 Man in the moraines of the old glacier of the Rhine, near 

 Schussenried, in Upper Swabia. The cave itself, known as 

 " the Hohlenfels," is one of the largest and best known in the 

 Swabian Alps, and is reached through a passage-way of about 

 ten feet in height and twelve in width. After penetrating 

 one hundred feet it opens into a wide chamber, formed by a 

 magnificent arch about fifty feet high, the bottom of this hall 

 being covered with a layer of stone fallen from the roof, and 

 under this a stratum of black mould, partly resulting from 

 the dung of bats, with which it is infested by thousands. Be- 

 neath this there is a second stratum of stones, and under these 

 the red ferruginous and moist clay, which incloses immense 

 numbers of fossil bones. This has been carefully investigated 

 in the interest of the Natural History Museum of Stuttgart, 

 and the collections made will doubtless in time furnish an 

 important feature of this extensive museum. 



The remains hitherto discovered embrace, among others, a 

 number of bones belonging to a huge cat allied to the lion, 

 and of gigantic dimensions. There w r as also an antelope al- 

 lied to one described from the diluvium of Puy-de-Dome; two 

 species of oxen, one very small and the other very large 

 the aurochs ; three kinds of bears, a horse, and the bones of 

 many birds. Bones of the reindeer, the rhinoceros, and the 

 mammoth also occurred. No human bones have yet been 

 found, but numerous traces of the abode of man in the cavern 

 have been detected ; among these are numerous bones which 

 have been split and crushed for the purpose of extracting the 

 marrow. Some of the horses' teeth are perforated, apparently 

 for the purpose of use as ornaments. Fragments of pottery 

 occur also in considerable profusion, together with various 

 forms of flint and bone implements. 



The antiquity of these remains undoubtedly dates back to 



