280 ANNUAL RECORD OF SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY. 



not occasioned by the mere renewal of the air in contact with 

 the surface, as this was carefully guarded against by envel- 

 ojnng the animal in wool. These experiments are of practi- 

 cal value, as showing that swinging has the same effect in 

 depressing the animal temperature in rabbits made ill (fever- 

 ish) by the injection of fetid pus into their vessels. Their 

 temperature may, in such case, even be lowered to the nor- 

 mal degree. 13 A, November 1, 1871, 500. 



SENSIBILITY IN THE SNOUT OF THE MOLE. 



According to an abstract in the Academy of an essay by 

 Schultze, the snout of the mole is a tactile organ of extraor- 

 dinary power. The fore part of the muzzle in this animal can 

 be seen with the naked eye to be beset with numerous papil- 

 la?. These, when examined with the microscope, appear as 

 low elevations, varying from 0.09 to 0.2 of a millimeter in di- 

 ameter, composed of cells, and with an axial cavity traversing 

 them from base to apex, and containing a structureless mass, 

 which is probably a modification of connective tissue. The 

 shape of the cavity is that of a dice-box, or of two cones join- 

 ed by their apices; The terminations of the nerves are in 

 the outer cone, and may be very distinctly brought into view 

 with chloride of gold. The snout is very richly supplied 

 with nerves, presenting the usual medullated character; but, 

 having reached the base of the " tactile cones" of the papillae, 

 they lose their medulla, and the axis cylinders, to the num- 

 ber of about twenty, are prolonged in the gelatinous tissue 

 of the interior of the cones, almost as far as to the surface, at 

 least to the fifth layer of epithelial cells. The axis cylinders 

 are arranged in the form of a circle, with one, two, or three 

 in the centre. A few fibres penetrated the epithelium out- 

 side the cones, and terminated in or between-the cells them- 

 selves. The number of the papillae Schultze estimates at 

 about 5000, and the number of nerve ends in the cones alone 

 must therefore be about 100,000; and as they are thus al- 

 most exposed to the air, they must constitute a wonderful 

 sentient organ. 13 A, October 15, 1871, 481. 



TRANSPLANTATION OF THE PERIOSTEUM. 



Mr. Philippeaux, whose experiments upon the transplanta- 

 tion of animal tissue from one part of the body to another, 



