532 ANNUAL RECORD OF SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY. 



gold, or the leaf, in nitro-muriatic acid, and then to precipi- 

 tate it by a piece of copper, or by a solution of sulphate of 

 iron. The precipitate (if by copper) must be digested in dis- 

 tilled vinegar, and then washed (by pouring water over it re- 

 peatedly) and dried. This precipitate will be in the form 

 of a very fine powder. It works better, and is more easily 

 burnished than gold leaf, ground in honey, as above. 3 A, 

 August, 74. 



UTILIZING REFUSE TAN. 



An attempt has been made by Mr. De Wild to utilize the 

 refuse tan from tanneries, a substance the disposal of which 

 is frequently very difficult. By distilling it, however, in an 

 ordinary wood distilling apparatus among other products, 

 Mr. De Wild obtained 8 per cent, of tar, a quantity of pyro- 

 ligneous acid and wood spirit, and a residue of 33 per cent, 

 of charcoal. 4 B, July, 571. 



PALATINE-ORANGE, A NEW DYE. 



A new dye-stuff for silk, wool, and cotton, named palatine- 

 orange, is highly spoken of, as furnishing a brilliant and fast 

 color of easy treatment. The solution is made in hot wa- 

 ter, and the dyeing finished in one boiling bath slightly acid- 

 ulated. Acetic or tartaric acid is preferable to sulphuric. 

 As the color is purer and faster than that produced by cur- 

 cuma or quercitron, a second dye with fuchsine, indigo-car- 

 mine, orseille, etc., yields the peculiar shades of the so-called 

 fashion colors in great beauty and permanence. For printing 

 upon wool, a concentrated aqueous solution of palatine-orange 

 may be used without any acid. 23 C, April 1, 1872, 111. 



PREPARATION OF CHLORINE ON A LARGE SCALE. 



A method is announced for the preparation of chlorine on 

 a large scale, by the decomposition of manganite of magne- 

 sium. A compound of magnesium and manganese chlorides 

 is obtained by neutralizing carefully the ordinary chloride of 

 manganese liquor by Greek stone, heating up this solution 

 until its temperature is about 300 Fahr.,and evaporating to 

 dryness in a blind furnace, in which the residue, piled up in 

 thin cakes, is treated in a current of air. A mixture of chlo- 

 rine and hydrochloric acid is thus obtained, and manganite 



