GEOGEAPHY. 353 



a military topographical map of the country, on a scale of 

 1 : 50,000, in G2 sections joined together, corrected to the pres- 

 ent time, and highly executed. The Dutch Colonial Govern- 

 ment contributed a very large map of Java, on a scale of 

 1:500,000, constructed at Batavia, in 1877, by Lieutenant- 

 Colonel Haven^a, of the Engineers. Anions; other great 

 merits, it shows very clearly the various routes and roads 

 through the island. 



The private establishments of Holland, so famed for their 

 excellence in cartography, were very scantily represented. 



The maps shown by Belgium were very interesting and of 

 high quality. Among the most important were a topograph- 

 ical map of the whole country, in 437 sheets, on a scale of 

 1 : 20,000, to be completed in 1880 ; a relief map of Belgium, 

 on a scale of 1 : 160,000 ; and a map, on a large scale, show- 

 ing the progress of the geological survey now in progress. 

 The interest excited by the Belgian project of African ex- 

 ploration has caused the publication of numerous maps of 

 Africa, several of which, very carefully and accurately exe- 

 cuted, were shown. 



The Danish maps made by the topographical engineers 

 w-ere of very high excellence, clear and precise, with espe- 

 cially fine lettering. 



This was also the case with the Swedish and Norwegian 

 maps, which compared favorably with similar productions 

 from any other country. Maps of the southern part of Swe- 

 den, in 102 sheets, on a scale of 1 : 100,000, and of Norway, in 

 54 sections, on the same scale, are praised very highly. 



The Austrian Government made no contribution, but large 

 quantities of maps and plans were shown by private estab- 

 lishments. 



Among Italian maps and charts, the hydrographic charts 

 contributed by the Admiralty are highly commended for ac- 

 curacy and clearness. 



The famous map of Switzerland, executed under the di- 

 rection of General Dufour, in 25 sections, attracted general 

 attention. Another map is in progress, to be published in 

 546 sheets, on a scale of 1 : 25,000 to 1 : 50,000. The speci- 

 mens of a new process of printing in colors from copper- 

 plates, shown by M. Mullhaupt, of Berne, were very attrac- 

 tive. 



