432 ANNUAL RECORD OF SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY. 



confined. Morse brought living specimens of Lingula from 

 Japan in a small glass jar. The water had been changed 

 only twice in about four months, and yet no specimen had 

 died. This illustrated the great vitality of Lingula. 



The Brachiopoda dredged in the North Atlantic in 1868- 

 70, on the expeditions of H.M.S. Lightning and Porcupine, 

 have been fully described and figured by J. Gwyn Jeffreys, 

 in the Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. 

 Particular attention is given to the vertical distribution and 

 the geological range of these shelled worms, regarded still 

 as mollusks by the author. 



Mollusks. 



Bobretsky, a professor in the University of Kiew and a 

 student of the distinguished Kowalevsky, has just published, 

 in the Transactions of the Society of Natural History, An- 

 thropology, and Ethnography in the University of Moscow, 

 an elaborate work on the development of the cuttle-fish, be- 

 longing to the genera Loligo and Sepia. The work is based 

 on thin sections of the eggs, aud has every appearance, from 

 the quality of the drawings shown on the plates, of being a 

 critical and exhaustive treatise on a difficult subject. Al- 

 though the text is in Russian, an explanation of the plates is 

 given in German. 



A beautifully illustrated work on the dorsal eyes of a shell- 

 less land snail (Onchidium) has been published by Professor 

 Semper. He claims that these eyes, which are in the form of 

 little black dots scattered over the back of the creature, are 

 constructed on the vertebrate type. They are different in 

 structure from the tentacular eyes of the Onchidium and 

 other land snails, as the nerves arising from them are not 

 thrown off from the cerebral ganglion, but from the visceral 

 nerve centre. Semper describes the arrangement, size, and 

 number of these peculiar dorsal eyes, their structure and de- 

 velopmental history, and then enters into a comparison of 

 these eyes with those of the higher animals, and finally dis- 

 cusses the theoretical bearing of the facts he brings for- 

 ward. 



In a recent paper on the Nudibranch Mollusks of the East- 

 ern seas, read before the Linnsean Society, Dr. Collinwood 

 gives curious instances of specimens isolated in a dish of sea- 



