458 ANNUAL RECORD OF SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY. 



Fishes, etc. 



A goodly number of contributions have been made to the 

 literature of Ichthyology in most of its branches. The Sela- 

 chians have received special attention, and members of the 

 class have been examined as to skeletal characters, by C. 

 Ilasse, A. Goette, TV. K. Parker, and St. George Mivart ; as 

 to the nervous system, by E. Ehlers and J. V. Rohon ; and 

 for the embryology, by J. M. Balfour ; while certain species 

 have been elucidated by Garman, of Cambridge. Mass. The 

 true fishes have also received a due share of attention from 

 anatomists (although less proportionately than the Selachi- 

 ans), and the faunas of several regions have been especially 

 studied, such as the fresh-water fishes of North America, by 

 E. D. Cope and D. S. Jordan ; the marine species, by G. B. 

 Goode, T. Bean, and H. C. Yarrow ; those of the Arctic re- 

 gions, by C. Liitken ; deep-sea forms, by A. Gunther; Japan- 

 ese types, by A. Gunther and F. Hilgendorf ; South American 

 fresh-water forms, by F. Steindachner and C. Liitken; Afri- 

 can fresh-water species, by C. Dombeck ; Indo-Moluccan spe- 

 cies, by P. von Bleeker; and Australian types, by T. Castel- 

 nau, Hector, and W. Macleay. Quite a large number of 

 "new genera" have been proposed, but several of them are 

 unquestionably the result of imperfect knowledge or errone- 

 ous ideas, and among such may be mentioned those named by 

 Count Castelnau (1) Brisbania and (2) Baridla or Beridla. 

 The former was proposed for a fish occurring in the Brisbane 

 River (New South Wales), and is undoubtedly identical with 

 Megalops, while the latter is the same as Gnathanacanthus, 

 long before described by Bleeker. The embryology of dif- 

 ferent species has been investigated by A. Agassiz, Carlo 

 Emery, C. Kupfter, and E. Van Beneden. Death has deprived 

 ichthyology of the most active and one of the most useful 

 laborers of the century, in the person of Dr. P. von Bleeker. 



North American Fresh -water Fishes. 



Professor Jordan during the past year continued his in- 

 vestigation of the fresh-water fishes of North America, and 

 has given his latest views in a catalogue of all the recogni- 

 zable forms. Six hundred and sixty-five species are admit- 

 ted many, however, with doubt ; and these represent, ac- 



