104 Land Magnetic Observations, 1905-10 



Lemaire's observations on his second trip were made in this region and a party of observers 

 from Egypt had observed previously at Bor, a station a Httle over 30 miles north of Lado. Beat- 

 tie's field work accordingly ended at Gondokoro; he next compared his instruments at Helwan 

 and Kew observatories. 



Professor Morrison's Account. 



The program of work assigned to Professor Morrison, in the early months of 1909, was chiefly 

 the making of observations at as many stations as possible along the two railway lines that start 

 at Swakopmund in German Southwest Africa and run inland to Windhoek, the capital, and to 

 Tsumeb, the headquarters of the Otavi Copper Mining Company, and also along the Port Nolloth- 

 O'okiep Railway in the extreme northwest corner of Cape Colony (now the Cape Province of 

 the Union of South Africa). He sailed from Cape Town for Swakopmund in the third week of 

 January and returned from Port Nolloth in the middle of March, having made observations at 

 24 stations. 



Owing largely to the generous assistance rendered by the German Government, the Otavi 

 Copper Company, and the Cape Copper Company, as well as by their officials and private in- 

 dividuals, both parts of the work were executed under very favorable conditions. The German 

 Government provided a free pass over the State Railway, the Cape Copper Company gave the 

 same privilege over the Port Nolloth-O'okiep Railway, and the Otavi Copper Company allowed 

 special facilities over the line under their control. Hearty thanks are tendered to all these 

 authorities for their courteous help. 



On the Swakopmund-Windhoek Railway the observing stations were from 20 to 30 kilometers 

 apart; on the Otavi Railway, from 30 to 40 kilometers. In most instances, on both railways, 

 there were few or no buildings near the railway station except those connected with the railway 

 itself and it was considered sufiicient to pitch the observing tent from 200 to 300 yards from the 

 nearest house or shed, and at a not less distance from the railway. Similar remarks hold for the 

 O'okiep Railway. 



Of the routes traversed, the coastward portion for about 80 kilometers is almost rainless. 

 Further inland, however, that is, in the case of German Southwest Africa, from Karibib and Usakos 

 eastward, there is a fair rainfall during the months of January, February, and March, and in 1909 

 the rainfall was unusually great. It will be seen, however, from the records that fairly complete 

 observations were made at almost all stations, and, in fact, the weather conditions were on the 

 whole decidedly favorable. Towards the end of this part of the work, when a return was made 

 to the dry region, difficulty was found in one or two cases with wind and dust. It was not found 

 possible to adhere to a definite time of day for the various observations, as the observer's move- 

 ments were largely governed by the railway time-table and other exigencies of travel not wholly 

 within his control. 



The second and chief part of the observing work undertaken by Professor Morrison was 

 as follows: 



1. Observations at Bulawayo, Southern Rhodesia, and along the railway line from Livingstone 

 to Broken Hill, Northwest Rhodesia, during the last three weeks of April. Although the railway 

 authorities of the Rhodesian railways did everything in their power to facilitate the observer's 

 work, and in addition to a free pass over their system, provided a special van which was detrained 

 as required, fewer observing stations were occupied than had been hoped. This was due partly 

 to the infrequency of the railway service and partly to serious flooding at the Kafue River. The 

 method of work was similar to that described as followed in German Southwest Africa. 



2. Observations made in conjunction with Dr. Beattie between the beginning of May and 

 the beginning of July on the line of march extending for about 600 miles from Broken Hill, 

 Northwest Rhodesia, to the west of Lake Bangweulu via Fort Rosebery and Luwingu to Abercorn, 

 Northeast Rhodesia, at the southern end of Lake Tanganyika. 



3. From July 9 till the end of the third week of September, observations were made along 

 a route that ran southeast from Abercorn through Nyassaland as far as Port Herald, a distance of 

 about 850 miles, and thence along the Shire and Zambezi Rivers to a point about 50 miles inland 

 from Chinde. The march, like the preceding, was on foot as far as Port Herald. It first pro- 

 ceeded along the so-called Stevenson road from Abercorn in Northeast Rhodesia to Karonga on 

 the northwest shore of Lake Nyassa, about 230 miles. It then skirted the western shore of the 



