Descriptions of Stations 



149 



EUROPE. 

 European Russia continued. 



Elisavetpol, Elisavetpol, 1909 continued. 



the loft of nortlicast corner of churchyard, 326 S7'.8; 

 northeast corner of churchyard, 328 45'; spire of 

 cemetery church, 359 28'.3; northwest corner of 

 churchyard, 35 38'. 



Erivan, Erivan, 1908. Apparently the same point as that 

 occupied by Assafrey in 1887; south of town on the 

 flat above cast bank of Sanga River, and 66)2 feet 

 (20.3 meters) from wall bounding cemetery on the 

 north, measured from a point 188 feet (57.3 meters) 

 from end of wall on river bank. The ground is 

 extremely hard sun-baked clay mixed with small 

 black volcanic stones, which affect the magnetic needle 

 when brought close. The following true bearings 

 were determined: spire of church south of cemetery, 

 distant 0.5 km., 3 15'.8; cathedral spire, distant 

 2 km., 209 29'.0. A secondary station was estab- 

 lished 216 feet (65.8 meters) north of main station in 

 line with it and the spire of church south of cemetery. 



Jevat, Baku, 1909. Near the station of Assafrey of 1890, 

 probably somewhat to northwestward of his station. 

 From the ferry across river below the union of the 

 Kura and Araxes rivers a road follows the right bank 

 of latter to the village of Kalakoiney. Between the 

 road and river is a levee which branches into two levees 

 at a point a little over 300 meters above the point 

 where the Araxes makes a sharj) turn to the westward, 

 a short distance above its junction with the Kura. 

 The station is in this fork of the levees, 75 paces from 

 river bank, 21 paces from levee nearest river, and 

 40 paces from fork of the levees. The dome spire of 

 the Russian Church bears 140 42'.2. 



Karsani (Tifiis Observatory), Tiflis, 1908, 1909. The 

 obsen.ations of 1908 were made at two stations, viz.; 

 on the north pier of absolute house of Tiflis Magnetic 

 Observatory, designated as A, and on a pier, desig- 

 nated as P, some 350 yards (320 meters) east of and 

 below absolute house. In 1909 the two stations of 

 1908 were reoccupied and also a third station, desig- 

 nated as O; the last station is outside the absolute 

 house, about 50 feet (15 meters) northeast of main pier. 



Nakhitchevan, Erivan, 1908. This station is very nearly 

 the same as that of 1888; on the brow of a mud hill 

 in the midst of a cluster of Turkish graves, almost 

 unrecognizable as such, about 150 yards (137 meters) 

 from road leading northward from the town, and about 

 100 yards (91 meters) from some mud houses to the 

 southeast. To the westward of station the ground 

 descends rapidly to the broad plain of the Araxes. 

 Observ'ations were made at a secondary station about 

 150 yards (137 meters) nearly due north of main 

 station, across a little valley. 



Orenburg, Orenburg, 1909. The stations of 1909 are prob- 

 ably not far from the points occupied by Tillo, 

 Scharnhorst, Ovodov, and J. Smirnov, in 1870, 1871, 

 1872, and 1873, and subsequently by D. Smirnov. 

 Station A is one-fourth mile (0.4 kilometer) east of 

 the bridge for vehicles, near east end of a small woods, 

 30 feet (9 meters) south of bank of a long pond or arm 

 of Ural River (a narrow park separates pond from 

 river). The right-hand and lower spire of the red 

 brick church, 1 kilometer distant, seen between the 

 woodsand west end of pond, bears 144 11'.9. Station 

 B was established 137 feet (42 meters) southeast of 

 main station in continuation of azimuth line from red 

 brick church. 



Pelrovsk, Daghestan, 1909. Observations were made in 

 the open level square 0.5 mile (0.8 kilometer) or more 

 southeast of lighthouse, near station of Rykatchew 

 and Smirnov of 1881 and 1906. The point is 44 



EUROPE. 

 European Russia concluded. 



Pelrovsk, Daghestan, 1909 continued. 



paces from the street on the southeast side of square, 

 300 feet (91 meters) from a stone wall northeast, and 

 about 400 feet (122 meters) due south of the new 

 gymnasium for girls which is in range between the 

 station and the Armenian Church. The following 

 true bearings were determined: spire on conical 

 roof on waterworks building, seen to the right of 

 lighthouse, 133 06'.4; lighthouse, 130 51'.6; belfry 

 of the Russian Church, 155 52'.2. 



Samara, Samara, 1909. In a large open field near Anisi- 

 mov Garden, 135 paces from post road to Melekes 

 and 60 paces southwest of wooden fence around 

 garden, probably a short distance northwest of D. 

 Smirnov's station of 1906. The following true 

 bearings were determined: dome of seminary in city, 

 88 45'.2; left flagstaff on hippodrome, 320 27'.6; 

 right spire of Peter-Paul's Church, 69 27'.5; belfry 

 spire of the Cathedral, 74 56'.0; Monastery dome, 

 11327'.7. 



Ufa, Ufa. 1909. Station A is on the hillside about 350 

 paces from the Serjevskie Church, the spire of which 

 is visible over shoulder of hill. The point is probably 

 as much as 500 feet or 150 meters south of Smirnov's 

 station of 1904. The following true bearings were 

 determined: belfry spire of Iljinskaia Church, 126 

 25'.3; water tower, 116 16'.S; dome of conspicuous 

 white church, 121 02'. 4; dome of conspicuous red 

 church, 141 43'.1 ; red church north of city, 174 32'.1 ; 

 cross on Serjevskie Church, 203 49'.3. Station B was 

 established 385 feet (117 meters) 53 34'.7 west of 

 north of station A on ground about 30 feet (9 meters) 

 lower than the latter. 



Yenolaevsk, Astrakhan, 1909. On the shoulder of a low 

 rise in the desert west of town. The following true 

 bearings were determined: large monument or vault 

 in cemetery north of town, 254 50'. 8; belfry spire of 

 church in northern part of town, 261 13'. 7; belfry 

 spire of church in south central part of town, 306 

 00'.2; fire tower, 308 37'.6. 



Turkish Empire. 



Adrianople, Adrianople, 1910. North of city, in a muni- 

 cipal park on an island in Tunja River, southwest of 

 park-keeper's house and an octagonal kiosk built of 

 stone. The river makes a horseshoe bend on the 

 eastern side of the island; the kiosk is at north end 

 of bend and the station at the south end, 207 paces 

 southwest of kiosk, 42 meters north of a willow over- 

 hanging river, 57 meters east of a large tree, 55 meters 

 southeast of a large beech tree, and 43 paces south 

 of center of road to kiosk. The station is marked by 

 tent peg driven flush with ground. The following true 

 bearings were determined: east minaret of Sultan 

 Selim Mosque, 855'.l; north minaret, 10 03'.4; west 

 minaret, 11 13'.7. 



Rumeli Hissar, Constantinople, 1908, 1909, 1910. The 

 stations are on the grounds of Robert College, on the 

 European shore of the Bosporus, about 6 miles 

 (9.5 kilometers) above Constantinople. The general 

 locality is about 250 feet (76 meters) above the water, 

 on the side of a hill rising 150 feet (46 meters) higher; 

 there is an outcropping of granite about 75 feet 

 (23 meters) above the stations. The stations of 

 1908 and 1909 are identical, being 52.5 feet (16.3 

 meters) from a stone wall to southeast, and 100 feet 

 (30.5 meters) from wall northeast. In 1910, the 

 station marker having been removed, two new stations 

 were established and designated as A and B. Station 

 /i is on a flat shoulder of the hill, about 50 feet (15 



