310 



CRYSTALLOGRAPHY OF THE HEMOGLOBINS 



377 



Pleochroism was marked; a nearly colorless, b rose pink, c deep red. Extinction 

 was straight in all aspects. The orientation of the elasticity axes is a = 6, bb, c=a. 

 On the cross-sections, a biaxial figure with slightly separated brushes was seen, looking 

 along the axis of greatest elasticity. The acute bisectrix of the optic axes is hence the 

 axis of greatest elasticity, Bx a = a, and the optical character is negative. This may be 



the prism of a-oxyhemoglobin, but the optical characters do 

 not agree very well. It corresponds quite well with the f-oxy- 

 hemoglobin of P. sphinx and P. anubis if the prism here devel- 

 oped is taken as (230). 



Reduced Hemoglobin of Papio babuin. 



The crystals of reduced hemoglobin were prismatic with 

 a nearly square cross-section, and they were sometimes seen as 

 tabular crystals. They were not well developed, and their char- 

 acters were not definitely made out. They recall the reduced- 

 hemoglobin crystals in man. 



}78 



Fio. 377. Papio babuin y-Oxy- 



hemoglobin. 

 Flo. 378. Papio leucophceus Oxy- 



hemoglobin. 



DRILL, Papio leucophosus. Plate 96. 



The specimen of blood was received from the 

 Philadelphia Zoological Gardens, and was somewhat 

 putrid and contained extraneous matters. It had been 

 collected in oxalate in one of our collecting tubes. The 

 blood was laked with ether and centrifugalized, and from the clear solution 

 thus obtained the slide preparations were made. Fine needle-like crystals 

 began to form soon after the slides were covered. The slides were kept over- 

 night at a temperature near freezing, and on examination in the morning 

 only the needle-like crystals were found. They began to dissolve when 

 the slides were taken into a warm room, and dissolved or melted rapidly 

 on the stage of the photomicroscope. The crystals were oxyhemoglobin. 

 Owing to the fact that they dissolve so readily on slight increase of tem- 

 perature, the crystallographic data are very incomplete. 



a-Oxyhemoglobin of Papio leucophceus. 



Orthorhombic: Axial ratio not determinable with the crystals examined. 



Forms observed: Macropinacoid (100), brachypinacoid (010), brachydome (Oil) 

 (?), base (001) (?). 



Angles: No satisfactory angles were obtained. 



Habit prismatic on the vertical axis (text figure 378), the apparent prism consist- 

 ing of the two vertical pinacoids and the termination, in most of the crystals examined, 

 being formed of corrosion planes only. The crystals grow in divergent tufts and in irreg- 

 ular tufted aggregates; the ratio of length to width is about 30 : 1 on the broader side, 

 and about 75 : 1 on the narrow edge view. When the ends become dissolved away they 

 present a rounded or, in some cases, a wedge-shaped appearance, but no measurable 

 planes are formed. 



Pleochroism is moderate; a pale reddish to colorless, b and c near together and 

 deeper rose-red. Double refraction is easily observed, and the extinction is straight in 

 all aspects that could be examined, namely, on the flat and edge views of the apparent 

 prism. The orientation of the elasticity axes is a =b; b=a; c=<i; as well as it could 

 be made out. Apparently the axis of greatest elasticity is the acute bisectrix, judging 

 from the pleochroism. If this is correct the optical character is negative, Bx a a. 



While this substance is only partially investigated, it seems probable that it is a 

 first stage in the crystallization of the a-oxyhemoglobin of the baboons. 



