114 



PREPARATION AND CRYSTALLOGRAPHY OF HEMOGLOBINS 



mixture was quickly cooled to 0, to which was then added 1 volume of 

 absolute alcohol at to every 4 volumes of the solution. After 3 days' 

 standing in an ice-and-salt mixture, the crystals were collected and washed 

 twice with alcohol and water (1 :4) at 0, and then, in the way stated, recrys- 

 tallized twice and finally dried by the aid of the air-pump. This preparation 

 yielded 200 grams. 



Second method: The blood-corpuscle pulp obtained by decantation 

 from 10 liters of blood, and without washing with salt solution, was dis- 

 solved in 3 volumes of water at 35, and then treated as in the first method. 

 The yield was 520 grams. The very much larger quantity thus obtained led 

 Zinoffsky to believe that washing with salt solution reduces the yield. 



Third method: The blood-corpuscle pulp from 9 liters of blood was 

 dissolved immediately in 3 volumes of distilled water at 35, then cooled; 

 30 c.c. of ether were added instead of ammonia, as in the first method, and 

 then the solution was treated as in the first method. 



The product by the third process was the purest, the ash containing 

 but a trace of chlorine, no alkalies, and only imponderable quantities of 

 phosphorus, lime, and magnesia. The product by the first process con- 

 tained 0.0235 per cent of phosphoric acid. The second preparation was 

 the least pure. It contained 0.0401 per cent of phosphoric acid, 0.0097 

 per cent of CaO, and 0.0131 per cent of MgO. 



TABLE 32. Table from Zinoffsky, showing the percentages of sulphur and iron, the number 



of atoms of sulphur to each, atom of iron, and the amount of sulphur 



and iron in the ash of hemoglobin. 



Zinoffsky in the earlier part of his article shows (table 32) the marked 

 discrepancies in the results of the analyses by different observers of speci- 

 mens of bloods from different individuals of the same species. They are 

 also of particular interest in connection with the figures obtained by Zinoff- 

 sky in this research. 



The two sulphur determinations of the first preparation were 0.3902 

 and 0.3916 per cent; of the second preparation, 0.3583 and 0.3658 per cent; 

 and of the third preparation 0.3899 and 0.3881 per cent. In the determi- 

 nations of iron he found in the first preparation 0.325 to 0.327 per cent 

 and in the third preparation 0.334 to 0.338 per cent. These results show, he 



