204 CRYSTALLOGRAPHY OP HEMOGLOBINS OF THE UNGULATES. 



Pleochroism was strong, as is common in reduced hemoglobin; a pale pink, nearly 

 colorless; b purplish, deeper than a; c deep purplish-red. Absorption was in the order 

 c > b > a. Extinction on the base was straight; on edge views the extinction angle 

 was about 30 with the length of the rod-like section. The plane of the optic axes is the 

 plane of symmetry; the orientation of the elasticity axes is a A a =30, b b, c A 6 =30. 

 On the base, in convergent polarized light, a single brush of a biaxial interference 

 figure is seen, the optic axis emerging at a small angle with c or the normal to the plate; 

 the acute bisectrix is hence evidently c, and the optical character is positive. 



VENEZUELA DEER, Mazama americana savannarum (?). Plate 36. 



The specimen of blood was received from the National Zoological 

 Park at Washington during the summer and was kept frozen until examined. 

 The quantity of blood was small, and it was quite thick and putrid, and full 

 of extraneous matter. This latter was centrifugalized off as far as possible, 

 but the specimen was not thoroughly cleansed, owing to an accident to the 

 centrifugal machine. The slides were prepared in the usual manner, and 

 crystals formed readily in the cold. They were not dissolved at a tempera- 

 ture of 10 C. A spectroscopic examination of the plasma showed the 

 presence of oxyhemoglobin, but only crystals of reduced hemoglobin were 

 obtained, they being determined as such by the microspectroscope. 



Reduced Hemoglobin of Mazama americana savannarum. 



Monoclinic: Axial ratio not determinable as the pinacoids only are developed. 

 The angle /? seems to be 90. 



Forms observed: Base (001), clinopinacoid (010), orthopinacoid (100). 

 Angles: Clinopinacoid to orthopinacoid, the outline of the plates 010 A 100=90; 

 base to orthopinacoid 001 A 100=90=^. The third angle could not be obtained, but 

 is necessarily 90. 



Habit broad or narrow lath-shaped, flattened on the base and elongated parallel to 

 the clino-axis (text figure 151); the lath-shaped crystals by development along the sym- 

 metry axis b become broad plates. When the plate-like habit is 

 assumed, the tabular crystals are seen to be composite, by par- 

 allel growth and uniting on the base, producing strong striation 

 parallel to the clino-axis. The crystals grow in tufts, radiat- 

 ing from a center, and the majority of the crystals are broad 

 a lath-shaped or tabular, with the length of the plate 2 to 3 times 



FIG. 151. Mazama amencana ! 



savannarum Reduced the width. On edge view they do not show the usual tendency 



Hemoglobin. to rac jj a t e j n a brush-like manner to any very marked degree. 



The color is reduced hemoglobin purple; the pleochroism, as usual in hemoglobin, 

 is very strong; a is pale rose-pink; b is strong rose-pink; c is deep rose-red. On the flat 

 the extinction is straight, parallel to the edges of the plate or lath-shaped crystals; on 

 edge it is oblique, about 30 measured from the length of the rod. The plane of the 

 optic axes is the plane of symmetry; and the orientation of the elasticity axis is a A a = 

 30, the extinction angle; b=&; c A 6=30. Traces of the interference figure were seen 

 on the flat view, on (001), but it was not definitely observed, except as to the position 

 of the plane of the optic axes. Either the angle between the axes is large or the axis 

 of greatest elasticity is the acute bisectrix. 



FALLOW DEER, Cervus dama. Plate 36. 



The specimen of blood was received from the New York Zoological 

 Gardens, having been collected in a tube containing oxalate. It was clot- 

 ted and somewhat putrid. The clots were ground in sand with ether and 

 the mixture centrifugalized, and from the clear solution the slides were 



