TESTUDINID.S. 



4 27 



tail armor are larger than on the right side, altho they diminish in size outward. All these have 

 a smooth and flat surface, which is undoubtedly the exterior. At the extreme left border (fig. 

 560, B) appears a hum- pyramidal hone, with an approximately square base. No doubt this 

 represents a spur such as is seen on the hinder side of the thighs of many living species of 

 Testudo. The letter C of fig. 560 points to the corresponding spur ot right side. 



On the right side of the figure the bones are seen to be rough and pitted, and the surface 

 is very convex. This is, doubtless, the inner surface, which has become exposed by a flap ot 

 the skin ot the thigh falling inside out over the skin nearer the tail. The spur of this side is seen 

 below this layer ot bones. A portion of the tail nearer its base is present, and this bears on its 

 upper surface a layer of dermal bones in their natural position. 



No portions of the anterior limbs are present. 



A second specimen (plate 74) of this species was found in the same beds and same locality 

 in 1901 by Dr. F. B. Loomis, of Amherst College. This specimen now bears the number 

 5870 ot the American Museum. At the time of its entombment this specimen was doubtless 



559. 560. 



FlGS. 559 and 560. Testudo osborniana. Right hind leg and tail of type. Xi- 



559. Right hind leg. mtc, astragalo-calcaneum; fib, fibula; mxa. 3, mta. 4, third and fourth metatarsals; lib, tibia; 



/, //, ///, IV, the first to fourth digits; 2, 3, 4, 5, tarsal bones of the second row. 



560. Armor of bones in the skin around and on the tail. A A, extremities of the transverse processes of the last caudal 



vertebrae; B, left lateral spur; C, right lateral spur. 



uninjured, but thru the weathering ot the matrix within a short time before its discovery, 

 the region of the left hind leg was exposed and this limb is now missing, as well as a part of 

 the carapace near it. The terminal phalanges of the left forefoot also are wanting. 



It appears probable that this individual perisht while hibernating. The head is with- 

 drawn within the shell, so that the tip ot the snout is at a distance of 95 mm. from the anterior 

 border of the carapace. The right foreleg is placed so as to close the shell neatly on that side. 

 The left foreleg is advanct slightly. The right hind leg is withdrawn, so as to shut in its 

 side of the gap between the upper and lower portions of the shell. The broad armored tail 

 filled up the space between the two hinder legs. 



The skull, the cervical vertebrae, and some other bones give evidences of having been 

 considerably softened at some time after death. 



