tkstudinid.*:. 



445 



ered this hone and each was covered with a horny scute. Fig. 596 represents the armor of 

 bony nodules which covered the outside, or dorsal surface, of the lower arm and foot. Here the 

 nodules are large. The one lying across the ulna is really formed ot two, suturallv joined. In 

 all of these, the outer surface is flat or slightly convex; while the deeper surface is more strongly 

 convex, sometimes forming a low apex. On the forearm and foot the lower end of each scute 

 overlaps the next one below. The same specimen shows that the bottom ot the foot was shod 

 with these bonv scutes. Close to the toes they are small, but beneath the carpal bones and on 

 the ulna are some very large ones, flat externally, convex on the inner surface. 



596. 597. 598a. 



599- 



600. 



Figs. 596600. Testudo orthopygia. Limb bones and tai 



Xt 



59 U. 

 No. 1325 A. M. N. H. 



596. Ulna, radius and frunt, with dermal ossicles. 597. Femur, tiliial border. 



598. Right femur (a) and tibia (i), dorsal view. 599. Sol- of hm. I foot. 603. Tad, lower surface. 



Fig. 602 represents the left femur, seen from the ventral side. At the proximal end is seen 

 a patch of nodules which probably occupied the skin just outside of the lateral border of the 

 hinder lobe of the plastron. No specimen shows these nodules on the lower portion of the 

 femur, but we can hardly doubt that thev covered also these portions of the limb. Fig. 599 

 show's the bottom of the hind foot. This is seen to have been heavily armored with these 

 bony plates. Those near the ungual phalanges are smaller; those at the heel, quite large and 

 thin. (Others quite small appear to have been found somewhat higher up on the foot. 



